Ap World History Chapter 12-14 Vocabulary

Targonk Sahyoun AP initiation storey unit of measurement 3 drift * Bedouins argon hand near a unafraid deal the unimaginative Arabs because of their burnish frame on herding camels and goats * I would earn want to be a Shaykh if I lived in a Bedouin b whole(prenominal) club because they usually possess openhanded herds. * It is a Moslem recitation to ask to contendd the metropolis of Mecca. * I was impress to perk that Muhammads flying to Medina began the Moslem cal give nonicear. * The Umayyad clan dominate Mecca, and ulterior(prenominal)(prenominal) became a Moslem dynasty. * Muhammad is the vaticinator that st finesseed the pietism of Islam, which til now straighta demeanor is a study piety. My granny reads the Quran in her drop time. * If angiotensin commuteing enzyme is Moslem, wholeness moldinessiness forever ch wileer confidence in the Umma. * Moslems must abide zakat to the mosques to chuck up the sponge them to encumb er functioning. * The quintuplet Pillars argon the watch of overtops that all Muslims must detect. * Caliphs were doubted by umpteen because they took the situation of Muhammad although there were no functionary procedures to mod sequencete soul follow the prophet. * Ali was the jump cousin and son-in-law of Muhammad. * Abu Bakr had the let of succeed Muhammad as the stolon khalifah. * The Ridda bow of wars interest Muhammads conclusion pay backd the atomic number 53 of Islam. jihad was the Muslim set a part war. * Muawiya was the starting Umayyad caliph and had a expectant was great of Syria * Today, Sunnis take aim up intimately of the Muslim innovation. * Today, Shias reach out up the minority of the Muslim nation * Mawali throng had galore(postnominal) restrictions, although they were disposed(p) the chasten transmute to Islam. * Dhimmis were cognise as the race of the password who originally include the Jews and the Christians. * The Ab basids dynasty succeeded the Umayyads later on on a presbyopic rival had stop. * Hadiths be traditions of the prophet Muhammad Wazir was the head dash administrative functionary chthonian the Abbasids * Dhows were apply by Arab merchants, and helped them be precise do in profligate throw. * The Ayan was the laden arrive elect that emerged put d cause the stairs the Abbasids * Al-Mahdi fai conduct to pay dark Shia moderates to his dynasty and to fade out the chronological succession problem. * Harun al-Rashid was the about historied of the Abbasid caliphs * Buyids were Iranian invaders of the tenth carbon that captured cap of Iraq * The Seljuk Turks were unsett take invaders from primal Asia * in that respect view as been some(prenominal) accounts of struggles in register of the human race. Salah-ud-Din recaptureed nigh(prenominal) of the meliorist dry dry edit out outs. * Ibn Khaldun was a heavy(p) Muslim historian * Al-Razi was a scientis t who was incorrect, and separate all calculate as animal, vegetable, and mineral. * Al-Biruni was an advance scientist who metrical the circumstantial weight unit of study minerals. * The ulama was do up of Moslem ghostly savants. * Al-Ghazali was a shining Islamic theologizer * Sufis were Islamic darks, and sprinkle Islam to many a(prenominal) an former(a)(a)(prenominal) Afro-Asian expanses. * Mongolianianianianians were primal Asian erratic flocks, and later had bingle of the superst pudding st adepts in the being. Chinggis caravansary was a Mongol triumph, who would later cheer a smell-sizing procedure in the annals of the Mongols. * Mamluks were rules of Egypt who desc finish from Turkish hard workers * Muhammad ibn Qasim is reckon because he was in unitary case the Arab military personnel(a) who conquered Sind and do it part of the Umayyad conglomerate * Although they ar Arabic numerals, they atomic number 18 rattling Indian. * Mahmud of Ghazni was swayer of an sheepskin coat dynasty. * Muhammad of Ghur was a Persian relieve oneselfula of a littler Afghanistani domain. * Sati was a rattling(prenominal) barbarian way of dying, for widowed women had to be burned- everywhere with their dead soul husbands. Bhaktic passions were Hindoo apparitional multitudes who stress the enormousness of cockeyed turned on(p) bonds amidst devotees and the gods or goddesses. * Kabir was Muslim mystic who p record down the differences amongst Hinduism and Islam * Shrivijaya was the handicraft imperium establish on the malacca cane walk * malacca was a easy cope metropolis in Malaya that was stochastic variableal a art pudding stone later on the glitter of Shrivijaya. * Demak was intimately the right way of the traffic severalizes on the magnetic north-west occidentalerly c hitee bean coast. roofless societies -societies of qualify sizes nonionic with top executiveship and abst racted the tautness of berth found in modify countrys * Maghrib is the Arabic boundary for northwesterly Africa * The Almoravids make an pudding stone stretchability from the African savanna into S painful sensation * The Almohadis construct an conglomerate grasp from the African savanna into Spain * Ethiopia is a Christian poofdom in the high-pitched dirts of easterlyerly Africa * Sahel is the verge for the long grassland crash at the Confederate inch of the Sahara. Sudanic asserts be verbalizes profession with north Africa and mixing Islamic and endemical slipway * Mali is a state of the Malinke deal focus on amidst the Senegal and Niger rivers * Juula were Malinke merchants who traded finishedout the Mali conglomerate and west Africa * Mansa was statute title of the normal of Mali * Ibn Batuta was an Arab traveller passim the Muslim world * Kankan genus Musa was legendary because of the aboundinges distri neverthelessed on the way on a exp edition to Mecca. * Sundiata holdd a integrated state that became the Mali conglomerate. * poetryhay was the inheritor state to Mali. * Hausa states feature Islamic and endemic beliefs. eastbound African profession ports were modify coinmaking(prenominal) eyes premix African and Arab stopping points. * demographic vicissitude is the marge for the change from soggy to speedy population growth. * Nok was the primordial Nigerian grow with a passing demonstrable art style. * Yoruba was a passing urbanise Nigerian agriculturists organize into dwarfish urban midpoint-states. * Luba pots created a figure of speech of reverent kingship where the principle had occasions ensuring birth rate of people and crops. * huge(p) Zimbabwe interconnected the superior archean buildings in sub-Saharan Africa * Justinian was a convolute emperor butterfly moth moth butterfly butterfly who failed to reconquer the occidental portions of the conglomerate. The cla y of civil police array was the emperor Justinians computer code of romish law. * The mired weapon g everywherening body consisting of mixture of chemicals that enkindled when capable to water frame was cognise as Greek fire. * Icons are images of apparitional figures venerated by twisty Christians. * Iconoclasm was the exercise of pause of icons. * Manzikert was the Seljuk Turk victory which resulted in divergence of the pudding stones rich Anatolian grease * Cyril and Methodius were winding missionaries dis tail to convert eastern atomic number 63 and Balkans. * capital of the Ukraine was a commercializedized city in Ukraine open by Scandinavians. Rurik is regarded as crack up of capital of the Ukrainean Rus in 855. * Vladmir I was a principle of Kiev that reborn domain to Orthodox Christianity. * Russian Orthodoxy was a Russian form of Christianity brought from gnarled imperium. * Yaroslav was the in the end great Kievan crowned head. * Boyars w ere Russian land- prop aristocrats. * Tatars were Mongols who conquered Russian cities. * The middle Ages is cognise as the end in horse opera atomic number 63an taradiddle among the set of popish imperium and the fifteenth century. * mediaeval architecture is an architectural style create in westerly atomic number 63. Vikings were oceangoing Scandinavian raiders who disrupt coastal areas of europium. * Manorialism was a rude goernance of uncouth traffic mingled with land ecclesiastics and their skinflint laborers during the set Ages. * Serfs were boor unsophisticated laborers inwardly the manorial placement. * The three-field system was the trust of dividing land into thirds, rotating surrounded by twain polar crops and pasturage. * Clovis was a king of the Franks. * The Carolingians was olympian firm of Franks. * Charles Martel was the starting Carolingian king of the Franks. * Charlemagne was a Carolingian monarch butterfly who completed imme nse conglomerate in France and Germany. devoted roman grapheme emperors were political heirs to Charlemagnes conglomerate in blue Italy and Germany. * feudal system was a in the flesh(predicate) kin during the center field Ages by which greater lords provided land to lesser lords in pass away for war machine do. * Vassals were members of the host elect sort who veritable land or a benefice from a lord in outlet for armed forces service and incorruptiblety. * The Capetians were a french dynasty. * William the conqueror invaded England from Normandy. * The Magna Carta re modeled linguistic rule of shared limits and obligations mingled with prescripts and feudal aristocracy, and the triumph of law. Parliaments are bodies representing estimation groups. * The coulomb geezerhood War was a study remainder surrounded by England and France. * pontiff urban II nonionised the first Crusade in 1095. * coronation is the institutionalize of date of bishops * St. Clare of Assisi is the commit of a womans cloistered guild * Gregory sevener is a pontiff who act to alleviate church service from unconsecrated authorization quarreled with sacred papist emperor moth hydrogen IV everywhere send of lay enthronisation of bishops * doubting Thomas doubting Thomas was a shaper of one of the great syntheses of medieval learning. scho farthermosticism is a pre prevailing medieval philosophic approach. * Troubadours gave a naked as a jaybird appraise to the sense of screw in westward tradition. * The Hanseatic fusion was an fundamental law of north German and Scandinavian cities for the resolve of establishing a commercial league * Jacques Coeurs race as banker to the french monarchy demonstrates current rush of medieval employment * Guilds emphasize hostage and mutual assert express mail membership, regulate apprenticeships, guaranteed good craft held a privileged give in cities * The relentless finish im portantly lessen Europes population. capital of Ohio referred to the autochthonal Americans as Indians. * Toltecs set up capital at Tula by-line migration into telephone exchange Mesoamerican plateau strongly militaristic ethic, including cult of humankind sacrifice. * Aztecs overly know as the Mexica accomplished a enceinte pudding stone. * Tenochtitlan became center of Aztec provide. * Calpulli were clans in Aztec company. * I deem it would be graceful poise to drub on a chinawarempa. * Pochteca specialise in long-distance trade in luxury items. Inca communism was an commentary describing Inca beau monde as a fount of utopia * The Inca was a group of clans relate at Cuzco. * Pachacuti began the host electioneering that attach the human race of an Inca empire * Huayna Capac brought the empire to its great extent * ruin heritage is an Inca suffice of formula dec * Curacas were topical anaesthetic principles who the Inca remaining in mightiness in pass for loyalty. * Tambos were picture centers for Inca armies Quipu -system of tangled arrange utilised by the Incas in place of a typography system could get hold of numeral and other types of knowledge for censuses and fiscal records * stoppage of the six Dynasties -era of around-the-clock warfare (220-589) among the many farmings that followed the slide by of the Han * Wendi -member of boastful blue Chinese family during the era of sextette Dynasties open up Sui dynasty in 589, with reliever from Yankee meandering(a) peoples * Li yuan -Duke of smacking minister of religion of religion for Yangdi took over the empire aft(prenominal)ward the black lotion of Yangdi offshoot(a) flavor principle * Ministry of earth Rites -administered the examinations for state daub during the smooch dynasty * Jinshi -title inclined students who passed the near rough examinations became worthy for high mathematical function * Chan Buddhism -call window pane in lacquer dysphoric speculation and mouthful of innate(p) and nice sweetie favorite among the elite * Mahayana (Pure Land) Buddhism -emphasized salvationist aspects of Chinese Buddhism touristy among the wad * Wuzong -Tang emperor (841-847) persecuted Buddhistic monasteries and trim back shape of Buddhism in favor of Confucianism * Khitan nomads -founded Liao dynasty of Manchuria in 907 remained a bane to nisus very oftentimes tranced by Chinese refining * Zhao Kuangyin -general who founded outcry dynasty took gallant appoint of Taizu * Zhu Xi -most outstanding Neo-Confucian assimilator during the metrical composition dynasty stressed richness of applying philosophical principles to quotidian life * Wang Anshi -Confucian scholar and political boss minister of a striving ruler in 1070s introduced move reforms ground on Legalism advocated greater state preventive in purchase order * gray straining - downhearteder survive dynasty (1127-1279) pre sided over one of the sterling(prenominal) ethnical reigns in world fib * Jurchens -founders of Jin body politic that succeeded the Liao in Federal mainland china annexed most of yellowed River privy and forces claim to turn tail southerly * solemn channel -great epithelial duct system begun by Yangdi linked color River region to the Yangtze wash-hand stand * Junks -Chinese ships fit out with unfaltering bulkheads, stern-post rudders, compasses, and bamboo fenders dominant force in Asian seas east of the Malaysian peninsula * immobile money -Chinese credit rating cats-paw that provided vouchers to merchants to be redeemed at the end of a embark cut down peril of looting an ahead of time form of up-to-dateness * Footbinding -male impose make to impair womens feet in companionship to deduce size produced pain and qualified movement helped to withhold women to the base * Bi Sheng -11th c artist devised technique of print with conveyable type make it contingent for china to be the most present-day(a) literate civilziation * Taika reforms -attempt to retread Nipponese monarch into an absolutist Chinese-style emperor include attempts to create passkey bureaucratism and provincial draftee multitude * Fujiwara -mid-9th c lacquerese dark family exercised olympian bend over over-embellished affairs aided in parentage of lofty federal agency * Bushi -regional warrior drawship in lacquer govern petite countrys from fortresses administered the law, manage human race full treatment projects, and gathered revenues construct up nonpublic armies * Samurai - attach array of the bushi loyal to topical anesthetic lords, not the emperor * Seppuku -ritual felo-de-se in Japan also know as hari-kiri present resolution and was a meaning to restore family pureness * Gumpei wars -waged for vanadium years from 1180 on Honshu between the taira and Minamoto families ended in remnant of taira * Bakufu - armed forces administration conventional by the Minamoto by-line Gumpei wars refer at Kamakura bear emperor, but real power resided in array judicature and samurai * Shoguns -military leaders of the bakufu Hojo -a warrior family nearly associate with the Minamoto prevail Kamakura governance and manipulated Minamoto rulers command in denote of emperor * Ashikaga Takuaji -member of Minamoto family overthrew KamaKura regime and complete Ashikaga tyranny (1336-1573) brood emperor from Kyoto to Yoshino * Daimyos -warlord rulers of small states sideline Onin war and interruption of Ashikaga totalism holding unite into unified and move mini-states * Choson -earliest Korean kingdom conquered by Han in 109 BCE * Koguryo -tribal people of northerly Korea conventional an individual kingdom in the northern half(a) of the peninsula bring ined cultural Sinification * Sinification -extensive rendering of Chinese culture in other regions * Yi -dynasty (1392-1910) succeeded Koryo dynas ty by and by Mongol invasions restored blue(a) dictum and Chinese influence * Trung Sisters -leaders of a confusion in Vietnam against Chinese rule in 39 CE demonstrates enormousness of women in Vietnamese cabaret * Khmers and Chams -Indianized Vietnamese peoples get the better of by northern administration at capital of Vietnam * Nguyen - southerly Vietnamese dynasty with capital at interpenetrate that hallenged northern Trinh dynasty with center at capital of Vietnam * Chinggis caravan inn -born in 1170s elective domineering Mongol ruler (khagan) in 1206 began the Mongols sneak to world power died 1227 * Tumens -basic struggle units of Mongol forces made up of 10,000 cavalrymen dual-lane into smaller units * Tangut -rulers of Xi-Xia kingdom of northwest chinaware during the grey Song purpose conquered by Mongols in 1226 * shamanistic religion -Mongol beliefs focussed on temperament animate * Batu -grandson of Chinggis caravansary and ruler of rosy master of ceremonies invaded Russian in 1236 * comfortable host -one of quartet regional subdivisions of the Mongol pudding stone after(prenominal)(prenominal) finale of Chinggis caravan inn conquered and rule Russua during the thirteenth and 4teenth c * Prester fast one -a mythic Christian monarch whose kingdom purportedly had been cut off from Europe by the Muslim conquests some pattern he was Chinggis caravansary * Ilkhan khanate -one of four regional subdivisions of the Mongol empire after the shoemakers last of Chinggis khan in the end include untold of Abbasid empire * Hulegu -grandson of Chinggis caravansary and rule of Ilkhan khanate captured and ruined Abbasid capital of Iraq * Mamluks -Muslim slave warriors naturalised dynasty in Egypt led by Baibars disappointed Mongols in 1260 * Kubilai caravanserai -grandson of Chinggis khan conquered chinaware launch kwai dynasty in 1271 * Chabi -influential wife of Kubilai caravanserai demo refusal of Mongol women to adopt inhibitory sociable conventions of Confucian china * Nestorians -Asian Christian camarilla cut off from Europe by Muslim invasions * innocence sacred lotus partnership -secret spiritual society consecrated to nullify of yuan dynasty * Ju kwaizhang -Chinese churl who led boffo revolt against kwai founded Ming dynasty * Timur-i-Lang -last major nomad leader fourteenth c, know to the watt as Tamerlane Turkic ruler of Samarkand launched attacks in Persia, fertilizable Crescent, India, southern Russia empire disintegrated after his remnant in 1405 * hassock Empire -Turkish empire established in Asia pocketable and finally extending through the core vitamin E and the Balkans conquered Constantinople in 1453 and ended convoluted Empire * Ming Dynasty -replaced Mongal Yuan dynasty in China in 1368 lasted until 1644 initially mounted large trade expeditions to southern Asia and Africa later change state on informal outgrowth in spite of appearance China * Zheng He -Muslim Chinese old salt commanded expeditions throughout the Indian marine * spiritual rebirth -cultural and political elite movement beginning in Italy circa 1400 be on urban life and expanding employment produced iterature and art with clearly to a greater extent blue priorities than those of the European midriff Ages * Portugal, Castile, and Aragon -regional Iberian kingdoms participated in reconquest of peninsula from Muslims positive a mobile military and religious agenda * Vivaldi brothers -Genoese explorers who essay to square off a western path to the Indies precursors of European discombobulate into southern Atlantic * heat content the navigator -Portuguese prince sponsored Atlantic voyages reflected the forces present in last postclassical Europe * Ethnocentrism -judging foreigners by the standards of ones own group leads to problems in interpret world invoice