tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6944935219120699152023-11-15T08:08:32.515-08:00Writing paper with pictureZhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.comBlogger192125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-694493521912069915.post-34699330913488089982020-08-25T12:35:00.001-07:002020-08-25T12:35:08.028-07:00Happy Feet Marketing Plan Essay Sample free essay sampleLine move beginnings day of the month back to customary everyday citizens move ( Tatum. 2012 ) . Generally. move has been around for some mature ages. despite the fact that there are a wide range of habits and classes. Line Dance is the place people structure at least one lines equal without a life partner. to execute arranged. rehashed. as one arrangement of stairss to music ( Free Dictionary ) . Line moving gives wellbeing and practicing related exercises to make a positive way of life. Glad Feet Soul Line Dance Group will work the Tampa Bay Area. We will help single to larn to move through line moving while at the same time bettering their wellbeing. There is non a line move studio for individuals. who need figure out how to line move and run into others who have comparative association. African americans experience the ill effects of high blood power per unit zone. hypertension. diabetes. also, chest malady. line move allow them to better these health issues. We will compose a custom exposition test on Glad Feet Marketing Plan Essay Sample or then again any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Cheerful Feet Soul Line Dance Group vision is to go the prima studio providing line move that helps each takes an interest improve a health issue. So as to achieve this. we should include our crucial flexibly a topographic point where individuals can larn to move for delight. working out. or then again run into new individuals. Glad Feet Soul Line Dance Group has directly grown out of their present area. Venture into a private studio. will let open and private guidelines. private gatherings parties. what's more, opportunity to offer other distinctive sort of moves. Organization Description Upbeat Feet Soul Line Dance Group was begun as a gathering to larn the present mind line move in February 2011. This gathering behaviors and Teachs line moves one time a hebdomad. for a hr and half at a region Elks Lodge. There are three line move educators. who train new line moves and gracefully single guide to new individuals to the class. Instructors take in new moves from various nines. parties. or then again from YouTube. The present type is R A ; B/Soul. Despite the fact that. there is non a hebdomadal or month to month cost to use the Elks Lodge ; in any case there are numerous observers. looker-ons. furthermore, smoke. Crucial Goals Cheerful Feetââ¬â¢s mission is to flexibly a topographic point where people can apply at their ain stride. larn to move. run into new individuals. expansion and better their wellbeing. cultural life and affirmation. Generally speaking. be comfortable moving in forepart of others. Our end is to elevate people to be associated with bettering their ain health. Fitting the U. S. Division of Health and Human Services. African Americans are 40 % bound to hold high blood power per unit territory and 10 % less inclined to hold it leveled out than causings. American Heart Association ( 2011 ) states that 44. 8 % of non-Hispanic dark work powers and 44. 3 % of grown-up females have Cardiovascular Disease ( CVD ) . It farther states 70. 3 % of work powers and 77. 7 % of grown-up females. who were non-Hispanic dark. are either meaty or well padded. Center competencesFormed in 2011. Cheerful Feet has decided to be the best mind line move gathering. The core skills comprise of the capacity to get familiar with the distinctive mind line moves. happiness and adoring air. empowering condition. what's more, advance wellbeing practicing designs. Takes an interest can have on customary. unremarkable attire. Notwithstanding. we do propose takes part wear exercise center shoes. comfortable signifier change. non-restricting array. Albeit any clothing can be worn. socks and places must be worn consistently. The music for the line moves are up-rhythm and current R A ; b decisions. each piece great as old school music. Upbeat Feet line move does non require any foremost experience. we invite all encounters ; progressed and non-experience terpsichoreans. Cheerful Feet gives a topographic point to people to apply or only to expand their physical action in their lives. Situational Analysis Glad Feet hopes to flexibly and actualize wellbeing inside the network. Besides. incorporating practicing into the everyday existences of every person who visit Happy Feet. As a line move gathering. Upbeat Feet will be known by its terpsichoreans for learning line move as a way to remain steadily. get in shape. also, do new deep rooted companions. Lawful and Political: Happy Feet will require a worry permit to run as a worry. Glad Feet studio will require protection for the structure. each piece great as obligation insurance againstaccidents. Strengthsâ⬠¢Low costâ⬠¢Low sway exercisingâ⬠¢Donââ¬â¢t need a spouseâ⬠¢Improve in general wellnessâ⬠¢Formal creating non required Failingâ⬠¢Offers one sort of danceâ⬠¢Use of only one genreâ⬠¢Offer only line dancingâ⬠¢Choreography of the move could be hard Opportunityâ⬠¢Use distinctive classification for line danceâ⬠¢Offer diverse way of move Menacesâ⬠¢Fitness focuses offers collection of move mannerâ⬠¢Established move studiosâ⬠¢Economic downswing RivalsHappy Feet rivals comprise of fittingness focuses. Traditional dance studios. also, explicit move place studios. Wellness focuses. for example, the YMCA and L. A. Wellness offer month to month rank while providing distinctive sort of move classification ( L. A. Wellness ) A ; ( YMCA ) . These classifications are zumba. hip-bounce move. furthermore, line move. Couples dance studios offer proficient sort exercises in ballroom scene. which shows The Tango. the Waltz. also, Swing. The particular way of move would be post move classes. Stiletto-Fitness offer classes that tone the butt and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene. post move at amateur switch to advance degree. Pontius pilates. seat move ( Stiletto Fitness ) . Moreover. they give every customer who increases for a position a support of stilettos. Target showcase Cheerful Feet accepts that everybody can move. furthermore, present line move in a cultural domain. The potential terpsichoreans are sorted into six gatherings: â⬠¢Children ( ages 7-12 ) : this is the age bunch where we would wish to expand their inclusion in move. â⬠¢Teen ( ages 13-19 ) : youngsters will want to larn to line move since they have watch their companions line move. at the homecoming move. prom or gathering. â⬠¢College/youthful adults ( ages 20-24 ) : Young adults will want to larn to line move since when they go to the move clubs the DJ is playing line move and the entirety of their companions are moving. â⬠¢Single and Married adults ( ages 25-55 ) : will be the greatest heroes. since they are searching for something to make. Upbeat Feet offers the opportunity to run into new individuals. Moreover permits changing the primary move at nuptialss from the more conventional stroll in. Hitched Couples can larn to move together. while run intoing other wedded pairs â⬠¢Retired/Seniors ( ages 55 and up ) : Line move for this age bunch is applying to remain wellbeing. keep up solid. what's more, to run into new individuals. Despite the fact that this is a littler market. they become since a long time ago run terpsichoreans. â⬠¢Corporate Wellness Programs or Business Retreats: worries that give wellbeing design or have one-year concern withdraws. The Marketing Mix Glad Feet needs to expand its commitment and advance wellbeing related working out. In this manner. we will worker a wellbeing proficient. who will give customize health evaluation. in view of your own finishes. Item Strategy: Happy Feet mark advertise is people who appreciate moving for joy or potentially need a topographic point to apply that decreases the effect on the enunciations. Orchestrating to AARP. Line moving gives physical. mental. what's more, sound advantages. It farther augmentations memory and tones musculuss. Cheerful Feet will take in ages from seven mature ages old to 55 resource. At last. Glad Feet will spread out into different signifiers of move. for example, zumba. salsa. also, outsider. Dissemination Scheme: Happy Feet is known for being up to day of the month with the present mind line moves. Cheerful Feet will set up a site for data sing open introduction. bunch classification plan. counting twenty-four hours and times. Upbeat Feet will gracefully get bringi ng down level lines move. for the individuals who have neer soul line move. Advancement Strategy: Happy Feet educators and current takes part will execute introduction at grouped network maps. counting wellbeing jamborees. shows. corporate withdraws and places of worship. The introduction will incorporate the advantages of line moving. Besides. these exposures incorporate the undermentioned: advertizements through cultural media. for example, Facebook. handouts. expression of oral hole. each piece great as scaled down introduction at birthday and commemoration parties. Corporate Wellness plans making cognizance of Happy Feet Soul Line Dance Group. There is non a cultural move studio in Tampa Bay Area. where single can come to move for cheer. Value Strategy: Happy Feet will hold various degrees of month to month rank ; by the by. a month to month rank is non required. There will be everyday charge. in the event that month to month rank is non bought. The level position can be dropped at any clasp. with in any event 30 daysââ¬â¢ notice. The degrees of rank will incorporate a fundamental degree. silver degree. overlaid degree. also, a Pt degree. Music Cadmiums with the line move vocals will be available to be purchased for $ 5. 00. 1. Essential degree rank â⬠will let permission to three gathering classifications for each hebdomad. which will be $ 50. 00 every month. 2. Silver degree rank â⬠will let induction to five gathering classifications for every hebdomad. which will be $ 75. 00 every month. 3. Gold degree rank â⬠will let boundless permission to gather classifications. five one-visitor base on ballss and three private single guidelines every month. which will be $ 100. 00 every month. In add-on. this rank will gracefully a free Cadmium every month with the line move vocals for at place design. 4. Platinum degree rank â⬠Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-694493521912069915.post-14763616653115015772020-08-22T04:30:00.001-07:002020-08-22T04:30:25.184-07:00Andy Warhol Influence on the Twentieth Century Essay Example For StudentsAndy Warhol: Influence on the Twentieth Century Essay With numerous new styles and convictions emerging during those periods, Whorls creative mind would start to deliver thoughts that were unfathomable however progressive simultaneously. American qualities at any point modified thus Warhol saw an opportunity to feature how effectively individuals are affected by the media and mainstream society. He utilized numerous parts of the new social society to make his art,pork. Warhol made his pieces by finding What was well known, What hung out in current workmanship, and furthermore something with standard American qualities. Warhol likewise took regular Objects and transformed them into pop craftsmanship sensations. We will compose a custom paper on Andy Warhol: Influence on the Twentieth Century explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now He understood that most of the United States went food shopping and chose to make a line of changeless items. This line Of Whorls incorporated the exceptionally well known Brills boxes, sticker prices, the banana, and Coca-Cola bottles (Warwick). His making of Coca Cola Bottles in 1962 turned out to be extremely well known. The jugs are in the regular daily existence of an American which made them exceptionally acquainted with for all intents and purposes everybody. Warhol used to distinguish the idea of the incomparable American culture, unknown and consumerist, dedicated to traditionalism and with a pride in unanimity, was the pervasive Coca Cola bottle-(Cobblestone 12). To Warhol, a Coca Cola bottle appeared to be so straightforward be that as it may, likewise an all inclusive symbol in the United States, Often in media individuals appear picture great, however their lives are catastrophes off camera. The passing of exceptionally famous celebrity Marilyn Monroe started Whorls enthusiasm to uncover the real factors of the mainstream society. Monroe was a sex symbol, design symbol, just as a social symbol for the nineteen fifties and sixties. The powerful memory of the poignancy and puzzle of Marlins passing with the enduring hypothesis encompassing it raised her to the best present day star status. Whorls canvases took an interest in the open solidification (Cobblestone 25). Andy misrepresented the highlights of Marilyn Monroe that had made her delightful (Bolton 19). Likewise, the fame of VIPs, for example, Jackie Kennedy and Elvis Presley before long started to clear the country (Warwick). Warhol considered these to be as symbols for the sixties and furthermore considered them to be a motivation to what might turn into his new works of art. In spite of how cheerful, beautiful, or perfect the big names appeared on TV, they were fiascos in all actuality and Warhol executed his presentation Of these mysteries through pop craftsmanship. After World War two had finished and the United States had entered the Vietnam War, the topic of mortality turned out to be less stunning to the populace than in the years earlier. With the acknowledgment of such things, Warhol chose to make an ascent of ruthless craftsmanship that would epitomize the comprehension of life and passing. His arrangement of death and debacle included artworks of hot seats, suicides, and vehicle crashes (Warwick). Warhol needed the general population to perceive what truly goes on in the public eye When individuals settle on damaging choices. Warhol utilized amazing, hard-hitting picture that summarized the manner in which society was getting so used to pictures Of ghastliness that they were not, at this point stunned by them (Bolton 23). All of Whorls arrangement had a lot to do with the changing prevailing fashions of the present timeframe and how he demonstrated the people the real factors Of society. There was a period in Whorls life when he couldn't create thoughts. The opposition between individual craftsmen enhanced and Warhol was in danger of never completely propelling his pop workmanship profession. Warhol realized that he needed to make something sufficiently radical to put him on top. While conversing with an exhibition proprietor, Muriel Lotto, he was acquainted with the premise off dominant part of his craftsmanship. Cash and soup. Andy had paid Lotto for a thought that would put him on the map later on, Muriel expressed, what implies more to you and that you like more than all else on the planet is cash. You should paint pictures of none (Shines 17), Also while talking, she revealed to Warhol he should paint, something you see each day and something that everyone would perceive. .ua9b59f95b87470814b9155bbd3fd4d98 , .ua9b59f95b87470814b9155bbd3fd4d98 .postImageUrl , .ua9b59f95b87470814b9155bbd3fd4d98 .focused content zone { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .ua9b59f95b87470814b9155bbd3fd4d98 , .ua9b59f95b87470814b9155bbd3fd4d98:hover , .ua9b59f95b87470814b9155bbd3fd4d98:visited , .ua9b59f95b87470814b9155bbd3fd4d98:active { border:0!important; } .ua9b59f95b87470814b9155bbd3fd4d98 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .ua9b59f95b87470814b9155bbd3fd4d98 { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; obscurity: 1; progress: darkness 250ms; webkit-progress: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .ua9b59f95b87470814b9155bbd3fd4d98:active , .ua9b59f95b87470814b9155bbd3fd4d98:hover { haziness: 1; progress: mistiness 250ms; webkit-progress: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .ua9b59f95b87470814b9155bbd3fd4d98 .focused content region { width: 100%; position: relat ive; } .ua9b59f95b87470814b9155bbd3fd4d98 .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content design: underline; } .ua9b59f95b87470814b9155bbd3fd4d98 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .ua9b59f95b87470814b9155bbd3fd4d98 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; fringe range: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: striking; line-stature: 26px; moz-outskirt span: 3px; content adjust: focus; content improvement: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: outright; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua9b59f95b87470814b9155bbd3fd4d98:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .ua9b59f95b874708 14b9155bbd3fd4d98 .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .ua9b59f95b87470814b9155bbd3fd4d98-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .ua9b59f95b87470814b9155bbd3fd4d98:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: craftsmanship gratefulness test 1 EssaySomething like a jar of Campbell Soup (Comments)_ A Campbell soup can something that everybody could recognize, and identify with. It was something that individuals saw and utilized in regular day to day existence Warhol quickly understood this could be the premise of another arrangement. The next day Warhol purchased numerous Campbell Soup jars and started to stamp, print, draw, and paint The arrangement of Reversals and Retrospective, highlighting the Campbell Soup jars just as cash signs, was is most famous presentation to date. The appropriation of Merrills thoughts for an insignificant fifty dollars before long turned into a speculation of a lifetime for Warhol. Andy Warhol was intrigued With crafted by Truman Capote, an author during the fifties. Some would state Warhol dollied Capote. Capotes fiction powered a considerable lot Of Whorls outlines. Warhol composed Capote fan mail, called him, and even ventured to holding up outside his condo ordinary (Bourbon 31). Warhol put a lot of his time in perusing and reproducing Traumas stories through workmanship. Albeit not many individuals making the most of his drawings of Truman Capotes short stories, Warhol appreciated him without a doubt. To make another kind of craftsmanship during a period of revelation and patterns in such a differing nation is a serious deal. Be that as it may, to additionally make an enduring effect on society quite a while after that is stunning. Andy Warhol has been known as the Prince of Pop generally for his significant accomplishments as a pop craftsman of the twentieth century. His fine art is dependent on the American culture during the nineteen fifties to the seventies. Warhol started a transformation in workmanship by creating Allots and Capotes thoughts. He will everlastingly be recognized as an architect for the premise of pop workmanship. Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-694493521912069915.post-8396527431550814462020-08-03T18:20:00.001-07:002020-08-03T18:20:03.506-07:00Best 2019 Coffee Table Books To Gift This Holiday SeasonBest 2019 Coffee Table Books To Gift This Holiday Season Coffee table books make great gifts. Theres a suitable choice for basically every subject and interest you can think of, which makes them just as much fun to pick out as they are to receive. Plus, they serve as both a conversation starter and a fun way to jazz up a homes decor. Thankfully, there were plenty of notable new releases to the genre this yearâ"so your holiday shopping just got a whole lot easier. Check out some of the best coffee table books from 2019 that would make great gifts this season: Resident Dog: Incredible Homes and the Dogs That Live There by Nicole England Adorable dogs + gorgeous homesâ"what better combination is there? This beautifully photographed book brings together two of Instagramâs favorite things, giving readers a glimpse at some of the most stunning and uniquely designed homes in the world and the furry, four-legged friends who live there. The Rihanna Book by Rihanna If youâve ever wanted to step into Rihannas world, this is your chance. As its title suggests, The Rihanna Book is a stunning image-driven autobiography chronicling the musicianâs journey from her Barbados childhood to pop superstardom. The book features photos of some of her most iconic momentsâ"including, yes, her standout red carpet outfitsâ"alongside some never-before-seen images of her life, both on and off stage. American Boys by Soraya Zaman Told through stunning portraits and moving stories, American Boys provides an intimate look at the trans masculine community across the United States. Featuring the work of Brooklyn-based photographer Soraya Zaman, this book also serves to spotlight those who are redefining and expanding the concept of gender identity all over the nation. Kwame Brathwaite: Black Is Beautiful by Tanisha C. Ford, Deborah Willis, and Kwame Brathwaite Featuring stunning portraits and behind-the-scenes images of Harlemâs artistic community, this book chronicles the life and work of Kwame Brathwaite, whose photography popularized the slogan âBlack Is Beautifulâ in the late â50s and â60s. His images revolutionized the fashion world, challenging the industryâs traditional beauty standards and elevating visual representation for black models. The Women of the 116th Congress by The New York Times, Elizabeth Herman, and Celeste Sloman The 2018 midterm election changed the landscape of American politics, ushering in a series of history-making women candidates. Among them: the first woman Speaker of the House, the first openly gay member of the Senate, and many more. This book documents the 131 women of the 116th Congress through a series of powerful portraits that capture what political representation looks like in 2019. Wine Simple: A Totally Approachable Guide From a World-Class Sommelier by Aldo Sohm If youâve always wanted to learn more about wine but donât know where to start, try this beginner-friendly wine guide from world-renowned sommelier Aldo Sohm. His debut book captures his passion for winemaking and tasting with easy-to-follow infographics, practical tips, and bite-sized chunks of information that will make you feel more confident when ordering that Cabernet. Cats by Walter Chandoha and Susan Michals As an equal opportunity animal lover, Iâm not about to neglect cats and all those who love them. Donât worry, cat peopleâ"thereâs an aww-inducing new coffee table book for you, too. Cats features the work of Walter Chandoha, a remarkable photographer who spent 70 years capturing these charming creatures. His images have appeared on everything from magazine covers to advertisements and greeting cards, turning feline portraiture into a booming art form. Game of Thrones: A Guide to Westeros and Beyond: The Complete Series by Myles McNutt This definitive guide is the perfect gift for the hardcore Game of Thrones fan in your life. The new release covers all eight seasons of the show, featuring stunning images of the actors and set. It also includes detailed charts and original essays that take a deep dive into the history of Westeros. Supreme Models: Iconic Black Women Who Revolutionized Fashion by Marcellas Reynolds Written by celebrity stylist and journalist Marcellas Reynolds, Supreme Models is described as the âfirst-ever book devoted exclusively to black models.â The hardcover comes packed with stunning photographs featuring more than 70 iconic women from the fashion industry. Additionally, it includes revealing essays and interviews highlighting how these models have influenced and changed the world of fashion and pop culture over the last 60 years. One Day at Disney: Meet the People Who Make the Magic Across the Globe by Bruce Steele Find out what a typical day of work at Disney is with this upcoming photo essay book, which hits shelves in December. Each image takes you behind the âCast Members Onlyâ doors of Disneys workshops, offices, dressing rooms, labs, and TV studios. Every photo in this book was taken on the same day by photographers in locations around the world, from Hawaii to Hong Kong. Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-694493521912069915.post-56678523551327682552020-05-23T03:18:00.001-07:002020-05-23T03:18:05.073-07:00Facts About Colombia for Spanish StudentsZhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-694493521912069915.post-379754406642649742020-05-11T11:40:00.001-07:002020-05-11T11:40:03.538-07:00How to Calculate Gross Tonnage of a Ship The term gross tonnage refers to the internal volume of a water-going vessel, and is normally used as a means for categorizing commercial vessels, especially those used for shipping. This volume measured includes all areas of the ship, from keel to funnel and from bow to stern. In modern usage, the measurement deducts the crew spaces and other parts of the ship that cannot hold cargo. Since 1969, gross tonnage has been the principal means by which aà commercial ship is defined. The gross tonnage measurement has a number of legal and administrative uses. It is used to determine regulations, safety rules, registration fees, and port charges for the vessel.à Calculating Gross Tonnage Calculating the gross tonnage of a ship is a somewhat complicated procedure, due to the fact that most ships have an asymmetrical shape that makes calculating volume difficult. There are many ways to make this calculation, depending on the level of precision required and the agency requiring the measurement. Different formulas are used depending on the shape of the vessel, and even the types of waters on which the ship sails. A simplified set of gross tonnage formulas is set forth by the U.S. Coast Guard Marine Safety Center, which are based on three measurements: Length (L), breadth (D), and depth (D). Under this system, the means of estimating gross tonnage is as follows:à For a boat with a simple sailing hull, gross tonnage (GT) (.5 * L * B * D) / 100For a sailing boat with keel, GT à (.375 * L * B * D) / 100For freighters with angled or cylindrical hulls, GT à (.67 * L * B * D) / 100For ships with square barge-shaped hulls, GT à (.84 * L * B * D) / 100 Theà International Convention on Tonnage Measurement of Shipsà sets forth another, more precise formula for calculating gross tonnage of a vessel, which says GTà Kà *à V. Here, K .2 .02 * log10(V), and V interior volume of a vessel in cubic meters (m3). History of Gross Tonnage as a Measurement Standard Since most commercial ships were originally involved with the transport of goods, otherwise known as cartage,à ships at first were rated and valued on the maximum amount of cargo that could be stuffed into every nook inside a ship. On long sailing voyages, after selling their loads of cookware, tools, machinery and other products, private traders often bought bundles of lumber, spices, cloth, and decorative goods to sell upon return to home port. Every space was stuffed full to maximize profit on both legs of the voyage, and thus each boats value depended on just how much open space was available in the vessel. One of the few exempt spaces in these early calculations of a ships volume was the bilge area, where ballast was held. In early shops, no cargo could be stored here without damage since in these wooden ships the bilges were wet. Ballast stones were used on sailing ships that were leaving with a light load and returning with a heavy cargo. This might be the case when transporting a finished metal such as copper to a port where raw copper ore was loaded for the trip back to England for refining. As the lighter load was unloaded and the heavier load brought aboard, the bilge stones were removed to compensate for the extra weight. Today, piles of these foreign stones, roughly the size of bowling balls, can be found underwater near historic ports all over the world. Eventually, with the availability of mechanical pumps,à water as ballastà became the norm,à since it was much more efficient to simply pump water in and out of the bilge to adjust the ships weight rather than use stones or other forms of weight.à à The termà tonnage originallyà came into usage as a means for referring to the physical space occupied by 100 cubic feet of ballastà water, an amount of water that was the equivalent of about 2.8 tons. This can be confusing since a ton is usually thought of as a measurement of weight, not volume. In the context of maritime shipping, however, the term tonnage refers to the volume of space available to hold cargo. Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-694493521912069915.post-61629247332155138192020-05-06T11:21:00.001-07:002020-05-06T11:21:54.257-07:00Influence of Visual Media Paper Free Essays ?The Various forms of visual entertainment media shape American culture and its values is by Visual entertainment media has shaped American culture and values in many ways. There are so many forms of entertainment nowadays that it has cause many of us including our children to forget what is more important. For example we now use the Internet to rely on so many things, like information. We will write a custom essay sample on Influence of Visual Media Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now When at one point in time we would use books or newspapers. Video games, Internet, cell phones and things like this have taken away from our values of taking time out to enjoy a book. The children of today wonââ¬â¢t even take time out to play outside they are more concerned with playing their video games. There was a time where children played outside every day and that was a form of exercise but now all they want to do is watch television, play games and be on the Internet and their cell phones. Visual media influences the diffusion or spread of various cultural traits, including food habits, dressing, and entertainment. Different forms of visual media, such as television and films, provide materials from which we establish a sense of selfhood, sexuality, class, and even race. Further to this, visual media shapes the way we view the world by influencing what we consider to be right or wrong, positive or negative, and moral or immoral. The social influences of the visual entertainment media have been more negative than positive. For example YouTube has millions of video up where most of them depict something of negativity or something of no substance. There are so many videos of people fighting than there are of someone speaking out to promote non-violence. There are also sexually explicit videos where you see a person has millions of hits. Also movies have become so much more violent these days that young people are easily influenced by them, kids look up to famous actors/actresses. I think it is up to us as parents to make sure we monitor what our children do. Over the years, various forms of visual entertainment media have had some influence on the American culture. Visual entertainment media, for instance, exposes us to different kinds of music and dancing styles. When we are repeatedly exposed to these forms of entertainment, we gradually accept it as a way of life and eventually start practicing the same. Celebrity figures in visual entertainment media also influences our lifestyles. Visual media describes such persons as exceptionally talented and successful in various ways. As a result, we tend to view them as perfect role models and strive to adopt their lifestyles. For instance, the increased use of aerated drinks among Americans can be attributed to the commercial ads aired on TV with popular celebrities as the subject. As well, the rapid spread of various types of youth subculture, such as Goth subculture, can be attributed to visual media. Visual media also exposes us to nudism, cruelty, criminality, violence, unfairness, and other antisocial elements. These elements of visual media entertainment constantly have shaped various aspects of the American culture. The influence of visual media in todayââ¬â¢s world has shaped American culture in many ways. People can be influenced with visual media because they can find it relatable. They relate to the person on a television show going through a rough time or a good time in their lives. People influenced by people on television that they look up to. For example if you are watching basketball and you see Michal Jordan wearing the newest shoes that have come out that will make you want to wear them thinking you can be like him. While with television shows, you may not look up to or influenced by the actor you are influenced by the character he plays on television. The way America visual media has shaped is because it is relatable and we are influenced by what we see. This may also change the way we think about cretin things. Such as if you decide that your son or daughter will not date until they are 18 but, you then see on television a 15 year old going on a date you then may change your mind about your son or daughter going on a date. If you hear swear words on television, you may find them inappropriate at first but you then start to use them yourself. It is as if people have grown numb to them existing. However there are good things about visual media other than changing your mind about things. It could inspire to be a better person or get a better job. This may push you harder to reach your goals that you have set for yourself. Some say that watching television is a way to learn. For example show like Dora the Explorer, Blueââ¬â¢s Clues, and Bill Nye the Science Guy are said to teach you new things. In conclusion visual media influence social behavior and attitudes when we began to do what we see online, television, or movies. We have to get back to the basics like reading more books, watching the news, and not focus so much on the Internet, video games, movies, and cell phones. How to cite Influence of Visual Media Paper, Papers Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-694493521912069915.post-21003421047630034242020-04-30T16:23:00.001-07:002020-04-30T16:23:01.979-07:00Why Content Curation is Important and How To Get Started Nothing beats original, high-quality content to get the attention of your customers and connect with them. But carefully selected, relevent pieces from other sources can be a great complement to your mix. It can help you fill gaps in your content schedule, increase trust with your customers as a reliable source of information and even earn you thanks from the original authors. Understanding Content Curation Many businesses are increasingly using curated content to add diversity and interest to their social media channels. One study even showed that one-third of content marketers share some kind of industry news or other related information on a daily basis. The key to curating successfully though is the unique editorial slant or commentary your brand adds to it.For example, provide your own thoughts on why you disagree with the author or you could just highlight key points you agree with.Whatever you decide, the best results will come from adding some value when you share the piece rather than just sharing it with no context for your unique audience. Benefits of Curating While thought leadership is probably the most compelling reason to incorporate content curation in your marketing strategy, there are several other benefits: Conserves resources:Curating content allows you to boost your online presence without the same time and effort that comes when creating your own original content. This give you more time to devote to optimizing your strategy and other tasks. Improves SEO:Sharing interesting items can help make your content more ââ¬Å"link-worthy,â⬠adding significant SEO juice.For the biggest SEO boost, focus on sharing visual content such as infographics and videos.Research shows that posts featuring videos earn triple the inbound links of their text-only counterparts. Boosts visibility:If you want to stand out in a competitive social-media marketplace, itââ¬â¢s important to maintain your visibility and post on a regular basis.Curating allows you to do just that. Filling those gaps with carefully curated content will help keep your brand visible. Furthermore, tagging the original author will increase your visibility with them which can come in handy when youââ¬â¢re looking for people to share your original content. Not sure where to begin with curating content?Here are a few free or cheap tools to help you get started and turn you into a content-curation master in no time: Pocket:This save-for-later app is a must-have for the new content curator.No need to keep sending yourself links or bookmarking countless items:Pocket lets you keep all your saved articles, videos and images in one place.You can add the Pocket button to your browser and get the app for your phone for easy cross-platform functionality. And the app integrates with Evernote and hundreds of other apps. Twitter lists:Without lists, it can be difficult to organize information and manage the various handles you follow.Twitterââ¬â¢s list functionality allows you to create custom groups of users you follow. For example, you could start a ââ¬Å"content marketingâ⬠list for all your must-follow accounts related to the field.If youââ¬â¢re using Pocket in conjunction with Twitter lists, curating content gets even easier:You can save articles found on Twitter right to your Pocket account. Scoop.it:For marketers who have already nailed the basics of content curation, Scoop.it can help you take your curation game to the next level.Choose a topic that interests you, and Scoop.it will deliver relevant articles for you to read and share.Even better, it will generate related topics that might interest you and suggest Scoop.it users you may want to follow.The most robust version of the platform costs $11 per month, but you can try the free version first before you subscribe. Boosting Your Marketing Strategy In the world of content marketing, nothing will ever trump the power of high-quality, original content. But content curation can be a valuable tool in any brandââ¬â¢s marketing strategy.By understanding the benefits of content curation and using the right tools for the job, you can use curated content to maintain your online presence and establish your brand as a real authority in its field. Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-694493521912069915.post-14442157958041063382020-03-21T10:07:00.001-07:002020-03-21T10:07:02.701-07:00Technology Changes of the Past and Present essaysTechnology Changes of the Past and Present essays Technological Changes of the Past and Present The technology which surrounds almost everyone in the modern society, affects both work and leisure activities. Technology contains information that many would rather it did not have. It influences minds in good and bad ways, and it allows people to share information which they would otherwise not be able to attain. Even if a person does not own a computer or have credit cards, there is information on a computer somewhere about everyone. The technology which is just now beginning to be manipulated and harnessed is affecting the minds of small children and adolescents in ways that could be harmful. It is affecting our immediate future. It also gives another form of communication and exchange of information which was not available before, information that is both good and bad. Technology is one of the principal driving forces of the future; it is transforming our lives and shaping our future at rates unprecedented in history, with profound implications which we can't even begin to see or understand. Many different elements affect how satisfied we are with our lives. The impact of technology on these elements can change how safe, healthy and happy people feel. Throughout history, people have looked for better ways to meet their needs and to satisfy their expectations. Technology has improved the way people feed, clothe and shelter themselves. Technology has also changed other aspects of everyday life, such as health care, education, job satisfaction, and leisure time activities. People have used technology since they first chipped stone blades to improve their hunting. Yet some people call the current age the "Technological Age" because of society's dependence on technology. For the first time in human history, almost all the goods and services people use depend on technology. The products of technology are available to almost everyone in society. The economy of a country in... Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-694493521912069915.post-241968015971836372020-03-05T00:33:00.001-08:002020-03-05T00:33:02.871-08:00Old SAT Scores How to Get and Use ThemOld SAT Scores How to Get and Use Them SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Did you graduate from college a while ago and now a prospective employer wants to see your SAT scores? Did you take time off after high school and now have to send your SAT scores to colleges? No matter the case, you'll need to know how to access your old SAT scores. In this article, I'll explain how to get and use old SAT scores.I'll teach you how to retrieve old scores and discuss how to present them to prospective employers. // When Is an SAT Score Considered Old? Once you have left high school and have not tested for a year, your SAT scores and responses to the SAT Questionnaire are removed from the active file- in other words, they'rearchived. When an SAT score is archived, it's not as accessible, and there is an additional $31 fee to get an archived score from the College Board. However, SAT scores can still be retrieved for reporting to you as well as any colleges, universities, and/or scholarship programs you designate. // Why Might You Need Your Old SAT Scores? Some employers request SAT scores.Companies such as Amazon, Cvent, Baines Co., McKinsey Co., and Goldman Sachs are known to request SAT scores from prospective employees. Even middle-agedjob applicantscould be asked for their SAT scores! You might also need to retrieve your old SAT scores if you take off more than one year between high school and college and are just now applying to colleges. // Be sure to check the admissions requirements for the schools you're applying to so you can know whether you'll need to have your old SAT scores when you apply. If you graduated from high school more than five years ago, you might not have to submit any SAT scores when you apply. Finally, be aware that score reports that are sent to colleges five or more years after a test date are accompanied by a message claiming thatthe results might be less valid predictors of academic performance than more recent SAT scores will be. // How to Send Old SAT Scores There are a couple of ways you can get old SAT scores from the College Board. We go through each of these in more detail below. Note that you cannot send old SAT scores via your online College Board account(though you should be able to view your scores). Fees for Sending Old SAT Score Reports Let's first go over the two different ways you can order old SAT score reports and the fees for both. Regular Score Reports Regular SAT score reports cost $12 per report. However, because you're sending old SAT scores, there is an additional $31 archived fee. This comes out to a total of$43 per old score report. // Rush Reports If you need to send old SAT scores quickly, rush reporting is usually available. This option costs an extra $31 (in addition to the $12 and $31 archived fee per score report). In other words, you'll pay a total of $74 per rushed old SAT score report. With rush reporting, SAT scores are typically sent to colleges within two to four business days. Note that although scores are sentfaster, this does not mean that colleges will process them any faster than normal. // SAT Score Reporting: 2 Options Once you've chosen a type of score report to send, you have two options for how you can request an order of your old SAT scores. // Method 1:By Mail To send your old SAT scores by mail, simply download an Archived Score Report Order Form from the College Board website and complete each section on it. You'll need your exact test date and registration number to fill it out.This information can be found on your SAT admission ticket. However, if you took the test a long time ago, I'm guessing you don't have that ticket anymore. In that case, it'll be easier to order your scores over the phone (see the next section for instructions on how to do this). // If you decide to order by mail, send the completed form and proper payment to this address: SAT Program PO Box 7503 London, KY 40742-7503 USA Method 2:By Phone To retrieve your SAT score by phone, call the College Board customer servicenumber at 866-756-7346 if you're in the US, or 212-713-7789 if you're outside the US. Make sure you havethe following information ready to give over the phone: Your current name and address Test date and registration number (if available) Your name and address at the time you tested College and scholarship program codes of score recipients Your credit card number and expiration date // What to Do If Employers Ask for Old SAT Scores Most employers who ask for SAT scores don't require official score reports. However, be prepared to provide one, if asked. Also, make sure employers know whether the maximum score when you took the test was 1600 or 2400. The date when you took the test shouldn't matter much to employers for making comparisons. A 2000/2400 from 2015 should be equivalent to a 2000/2400 from 2007. Both SAT scores should indicate the same skill level and percentile score. (We talk more about this below.) However, know that scores from the current SAT, which was redesigned in March 2016, are slightly inflated relative to previous versions of the test. Can You Compare SAT Scores From Different Years? In general, an SAT score will mean the same thing no matter when you take the SAT.In other words, a 1250 on an SAT from 2016 should equal a 1250 on an SAT from 2018, 2019, 2020, and so on. This means that you should be able to compare an SAT score from one year with another SAT score from a different year without issue. The only major problem when comparing scores from different years is the scoring scales used. The SAT changed dramatically in 2016, when it shifted from a 600-2400 scale to a 400-1600 scale. As a result, the scores for these years will look quite different. (However, you can roughly convert them using our conversion tables.) The following chart shows SAT percentiles for the past six years. Note the change in the scoring scale for 2016 and 2017.Also, be aware that some scores are estimates if exact percentiles were unavailable. Year 99th %ile 75th %ile 50th %ile 25th %ile 1st %ile 2017* 1480-1600 1190-1200 1050-1060 910-920 400-680 2016* 1510-1600 1210-1220 1080 950 400-680 2015 2220-2400 1720 1480 1260 600-830 2014 2220-2400 1720 1490 1270 600-840 2013 2220-2400 1720 1490 1280 600-850 2012 2210-2400 1720 1490 1280 600-860 *Reflects current SAT scoring scale of 400-1600. As you can see, we don't have much data for the current SAT. However, based on the old scoring system, we can see that the score you needed to achieve a certain percentile didn't actually change much from year to year.So if you were aiming for the 75th percentile, you'd want to get a minimum composite score of 1720, regardless of when you tested. You might have also noticed that the scores for 2016 and 2017 show more noticeable changes than the scores for the old SAT do.This is mainly a result of the fact that the current SAT format hasn't been around that long. Once a few more years pass, though, these percentiles should start to become more stable. For more information about historical SAT percentiles, see our guides to SAT scores from 2016 and 2017, and SAT scores from 2011 to 2016. What's Next? For more tips on sending SAT scores, check out our guide tosending your scores to colleges. As you read this, remember to look up thecollege codes and school codes for your score reports. Curious about what a good or bad SAT score is? Read our popular article on good SAT scores to learn how you can set a goal score. Aiming high? Thenyou'll definitely want to read our expert guide to how to get a perfect 1600 on the SAT. Finally, be sure to check out this post to learn who uses SAT scores. Disappointed with your scores? Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points?We've written a guide about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now: Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-694493521912069915.post-64602412842819402672020-02-17T15:57:00.001-08:002020-02-17T15:57:02.246-08:00Accessibility, what it means and why is it important when designing a EssayAccessibility, what it means and why is it important when designing a website - Essay Example It is necessary to keep in mind the importance of accessibility in designing a website. As much as web designers hope to make their website as creative as possible, their main goal should be to make it serve its purpose and function. Designersââ¬â¢ imagination and creativity are challenged with accessibilityââ¬â¢s limiting factor (Tarn, ââ¬Å"Making the Digitalâ⬠). While the use of Web is no longer limited to the basic operations such as entertainment and basic browsing, it already requires advanced features that make it useful for people to interact to each other on various purposes such as a mere communication, wellness, education, financial transaction, and entertainment (Burks 7). Significant advantages are identified when accessibility is taken in consideration in website design. They are beneficial for the owners of the website as well as its designers as they would not only comply with the Web Accessibility Initiative and the Disability Discriminations Act 1995, bu t it also increases their credibility as owners and website designers. Apart from this, the number of users who visit the website also increases such that it caters to users with or without disability. Websites with good accessibility are also known to have increased search engine optimization (Sabasaje, ââ¬Å"Web Designâ⬠; Gibbins, ââ¬Å"The Growing Importanceâ⬠; ââ¬Å"The Importance of Web Accessibilityâ⬠). Keeping this in mind, web designers should understand that flexibility is necessary in such a way that it would allow different kinds of users to access the website as well as the information that they need from it (Burks Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-694493521912069915.post-12832574291662741642020-02-03T10:18:00.001-08:002020-02-03T10:18:02.764-08:00Research - Qualitative Methods - Developing a Qualitative Orientation Paper- Qualitative Methods - Developing a Qualitative Orientation - Research Paper Example Those who could not afford it turned to crime as a way of surviving. Theft and murder were some of the crimes initially done as a way of acquiring these basic needs which were quickly becoming luxuries to the poor and unemployed. Other kinds of crimes emerged thereafter. It is difficult to find out the organization of people involved in crime since this would require me to interact with criminals on a personal basis who may find it difficult to trust me. This may also lead to the suspicion of me being a police officer which may make things for me even more complicated (Strauss & Corbin, 2008). The focus of my inquiry is to try and establish comprehension of the genesis of misdeed and possible ways of solving it. This understanding of the origin should help in a great way to establish a working solution. As per my understanding the origin of crime is not mostly due to industrialization as due to personalization of lifestyles. If people became more responsible towards each otherââ¬â¢s wellbeingthen there would be a great reduction in crime rates. The locus of my study is what people think about crime and the areas whereby crime is most prevalent. The areas that are most prone to crime are towns whereby everybody is his/her own self. Most people hate crime.Even the majority of criminals are forced by circumstance to use it for survival (Glaser & Strauss, 1967). Crime is a creation of development which is quickly becoming a drawback to further development. In one hand crime has an almost complete negative reception whereas on the other hand it is not entirely easy to do away with. In conclusion it is a problem facing many who would rather have it solved and at the same time the solution is not as easy as the will to come to it. This is because doing away with crime entirely would mean that people go back to the days of communal wealth but this would bring development to a halt. In Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-694493521912069915.post-21241095620064518592020-01-26T06:41:00.001-08:002020-01-26T06:41:02.918-08:00Impact of Speech and Language Difficulties on DevelopmentImpact of Speech and Language Difficulties on Development Explain the impact that speech, language and communication difficulties can have on a childââ¬â¢s overall development. ANSWER: The difficulties a childââ¬â¢s development can have are in many aspects of which are PSED (physical, social and emotional development), play, and literacy, maths, understanding the world and expressive arts and design. Looking at PSED, it effect the side of self confidence, self esteem, sharing views, discussing anything, being part of an activity physically, being amongst a group of friends and making a decision. Look at the from the view point of yourself, being a part of something where you are not able to contribute because you have a difficulty in SLC (speech, language and communication), it is just so hard to even be present there, you would just want to be in your own nutshell, but at the same time you want to study, achieve things, your friends laugh when you stammer, your friends bully or look down upon you or exclude in a very sly manner, these all are mental stress, emotional torture and withdraws oneself and hate builds. Let us take play in consideration, how do u play football silently? It is just not practical, playing rugby, cricket, tennis, badminton, there is so much to cheer and applaud to, you will even feel ashamed of yourself and probably not engage because you are not as competent as the other? That is not fair on an individual. You are not able to play as a team; you cannot comprehend instructions or even relate to other children whilst playing such as pretend play or friendly match. Now literacy and maths, these are educational subjects, you have to sit down, brainstorm, discuss, and ask for help, read, write, understand, solve problems and reason. When you are neglected, left alone, how do you cope? You might always avoid the library and group discussions because of your difficulty, on the other hand you can come out confident and tackle the situation come what may but within yourself, your own image, self confidence is extremely shallow, you may portray out very confident and self efficient, but within yourself it is a battle of struggle day in and out. Expressive arts and design, these need creativity, expressions, depth of understanding, communication, body language, eye contact, communication through writing and verbal, you may be very good artist but if you communication is difficult how will people appreciate your very, yes of course sign language is a benefit factor which will assist you in promoting yourself, not many people understand sign language, value it nor appreciate it, so finding a group which upholds you despite your difficulties is another task. In all, any learning difficulty has an adverse effect in a child life to achieve and excel not only in studies but also amongst friends, family, as most of those around will have the pity for you instead of empathy and such feelings do a lot of damage emotionally, mentally and socially. QUESTION 2: Describe how practitioners can modify or adapt the communication to meet the needs of individual children. ANSWER: Modify and adapt; change, accept and produce Practitioners are able to modify and adapt in various ways; having an interpreter, having computers for visual text or pictures or visual learners, one to one support, more lightning, take work home to do with parents, calm background, imply and reinforce unity and helping each other amongst children, making sure to the best ability every child is happy, review particular child every week, build a team of students who help other children and ensure the team rotates so all the children get the chance, always smiling and positive feelings and thoughts and suggestions, use empathy and support. Get professionals come in to meet child, encourage other children to engage with, working in partnership with parents, professionals and teacher becomes a strong triangle, use more visual aid, simple and clear statements, praise effort made by child, give time to listen, think, understand, go to the childââ¬â¢s pace, visual timetable, go down to child level and communicate, ask child to repeat what you have said, make learning fun and using simple words, you be the model of behaviour and language so other staff learn from you, being vigilant all the time, understand child and see what is the best way to communication, pictures, gestures, signing, written message and you continue to support. The one thing I strongly believe in, no matter what one goes through, if you have the right mentor and support, you can travel and achieve a lot in may be a longer period of time but you will get there one day, also keeping in mind perseverance is very important in a very gentle, simple and comforting manner. If a child does not want to complete a task, explain the importance, show the child light at the end of a tunnel and do give a positive reward too such as sticker, play time with special toy, take for a walk, showing the work to the rest of the children and teachers and putting it on the board to. All the support and one to one attention is not an easy task it takes a lot of patience, perseverance, calm nature, happy go lucky nature, sense of humour, and strong willed person, but remember the confidence, self esteem, bright future, success, achievement of that particular child will be a reward for the teacher that you were able to do something for someone which was of benefit to the person and enable them reach the skies. QUESTION 3: Explain how practitioners can meet the communication needs of children who speak English as an additional language. ANSWER: There are many methods to meet needs of English as second language, a few are; special time for those children, a teacher takes children to a quiet room use pictures and say the item in their language and than in English and encourage them to repeat after you, just within their concentration span such as 5-10 mins, you keep building words like that. Make sure you have the childââ¬â¢s attention when speaking to them and also you should be face to face with the child and mention their name to gain attention. Another way could be having dual books, reading a book aloud, very simple words such as animals example; a cat- heesna (in Arabic), cath (in welsh), punai (in tamil ). It depends on which language the child is, normally they do speak little English but simple things like ââ¬Å"mum comingâ⬠, ââ¬Å"foodâ⬠, ââ¬Å"waterâ⬠, ââ¬Å"tiredâ⬠, ââ¬Å"readâ⬠, ââ¬Å"well doneâ⬠, ââ¬Å"byeâ⬠, words which bring comfort to a child depending on age if you say to them in their language and than English they form a quick attachment and settle quickly too especially with little ones. Making books with children using pictures, as you stick, you say in their language and English too such as; carrot- gajar, vegetable-sabzi, mango-aam, milk- doodh Ask parents to write down a few words for you which you can use with the child on daily basis Play games in a group and team, this will enable child learn English form other children, music and dance and rhyme too. If any of the practitioners know the childââ¬â¢s language let them be the key worker One must also keep a close watch on children and keep reminding of rules and boundaries, always come down to child level and explain and reinforce, nicely and calm. Keep a positive body language, facial expression and continuous speaking in English at the same time reminding them in their own language so the child is rest assured and remains calm. Use pictures to explain more if hard to comprehend, use writing skills, use gestures and remain in close partnership with parents and encourage using English at home. QUESTION 4: Analyse the role that other professionals play in supporting the speech, language and communication needs of children ANSWER: Every individual working in a field related to children is part and parcel of the team works, discussion and achievements with targets, of course some have a more specific target role but team work is what brings success. One of the main professional to be consulted with this specific difficulty is Speech Educational Needs Co-ordinator, we must keep in mind to always consult parents, take their views, have a discussion and then involve other professionals. Considering the SENCO team, they will suggest a few things to parents such as visiting GP to refer to Speech and Language Therapist. This professional will work hand in hand with parent/carer/nursery/school, pay home visits, carry out activities with child such as how can child express and analyse themselves, does the child understand instructions verbally and mentally, can the child respond clearly, how the child is engaging in play, carry out fun games and activities with child, response therapist received from child, behaviour of the child, skills the child uses for communication, will enquire about child strengths and what child enjoys and how much you know the child, will want a quiet session with child, would want to know about day to day experience and routine of child The therapist will than record and analyse. Once all that is done the therapist will decide if it is going to be beneficial for the child and in what strategy needs to be used, the parent/carer will receive a feed back and carry on from there. Giving children time and space, helps them grow, giving a child good listening ears and demonstrating good communication skills enables them to learn, we are the models of children around us so we must be very careful in our day to day behaviour, calling out the childââ¬â¢s name before you start speaking makes them concentrate and become attentive too, keeping words short and simple, remaining calm all the time, recasting to what children say such as; ââ¬Ë I am playing with carââ¬â¢ adult says ââ¬Ë yes, you are playing with your red speedy carââ¬â¢. It is important to engage children in play with exploration, mental and written learning, creativity and brain storm, discussion and inventions and promoting togetherness when doing an activity, problem solving and sharing thoughts and ideas. Team thinks together, give items, set targets and achieve them. Each and every step in a child life is crucial, so how a child is dealt with, given replies for questions, asked questions, given space, explore and learn in their pace is important, of course parents should shadow and keep track but at the same time allow them to take risks and build confidence, independence, self esteem, self reliant and understanding too, keeping in mind safety of child and adult is a priority. BIBLIOGRAPHY: Notes provided by college Google search www.idponline.org.uk www.naldic.org.uk Own experience and views Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-694493521912069915.post-5262301050486988142020-01-18T03:04:00.001-08:002020-01-18T03:04:04.625-08:00Macbeth Essay EssayShakespeare uses ghosts and witches into many of his plays and work. But in no other play did he make them so horrible and demon like as he did the witches in Macbeth. The way in which they were described, made Macbeth a popular play. Superstition is a very shrewd belief in the supernatural. Supernatural is an attribute to some force beyond scientific understanding or the laws of nature. When it is referred to as ââ¬Å"the supernaturalâ⬠, then it means supernatural appearances or events. Both of the two terms that I have just explained, superstition and supernatural, are present a lot of the time during the play Macbeth, and many of the supernatural events which occur during the play tend to lead into other happenings. The witches are actually an important part of the play and the supernatural, because they start the play along with the supernatural. At the beginning of the play, Shakespeare sets the scene for the witches by using thunder and lightening and naming location of the scene ââ¬Å"A Desolate Placeâ⬠. ââ¬Å"Upon the heathâ⬠and ââ¬Å"there to meet Macbethâ⬠The witches announce that they will meet with Macbeth upon a heath. They then disappear into ââ¬Å"filthy airâ⬠as mysteriously as they arrived. Later in the play, Banquo refers to the witches exit as ââ¬Å"the earth hath bubbles, as the water has, and these are of themâ⬠what he means by this is that the witches can disappear in the same way as bubbles do. In the first scene the supernatural theme is present due to the witches being there. They speak of Macbeth and involve him in supernatural matters, and we can tell that they influence him, and this also blooms as the play develops. The words that the witches use are also of a supernatural nature. Some link together sometimes in a chant like way, such as ââ¬ËFair is foul, and foul is fairââ¬â¢, and this sounds rather unpleasant and evil. We can also blame them for some of the things that happen later on in the play which are involved in the downfall of Macbeth. Later in the play Macbeth is found echoing some of the phrases that the witches have used. This occurs just before the witches give their predictions to Macbeth and Banquo. This could be coincidence, but could also be because they have influenced him. Therefore, they could have influenced him in what to do, and what he does is evil. This is a good example of how the supernatural leads to his downfall. The main turning point in the play is when Macbeth meets with the witches when he is with Banquo and when the predictions are made. Macbeth is told that he shall be the thane of Glamis, then the than of Cawdor and shall then go on to be King. We can tell that he is interested as the first thing that he says after these predictions have been made is ââ¬ËStay, you imperfect speakers. Tell me moreââ¬â¢, which is meant to make Banquo and the audience to think that he does not believe them, but tells the witches to carry on as he is curious as to what they have to say, but they vanish and we know that he has taken them seriously as he desperate for them to come back. Banquo has a different view and says ââ¬ËThe instruments tell us truths; win us with honest trifles, to betray in deepest consequenceââ¬â¢. What Banquo means by this is that the witches may have only told them their possible future so that they act on what they have been told. By saying this, Banquo is implying that the witches have evil intentions. Banquo advises Macbeth to steer clear o the witches and what they have said, but he ignores him as he is greedy and over ambitious. This is where we know that the supernatural has influenced Macbeth and has begun to change him. At the time of the predictions Macbeth was already Thane of Glamis, and was shortly made the Thane of cawdor. This made him believe that the predictions were true. Macbeth believed that if the first two predictions were correct, the third prediction would also be correct. Lady Macbeth also helped Macbeth become a victim of his own destiny. She was behind him during the murder of King Duncan and was the reason for Macbeth doing it because she continued to assure that all would turn out in their favour. She also made him feel guilty and like a wimp by saying ââ¬ËArt thou afeardââ¬â¢ and ââ¬Ëlive a coward in thane own esteemââ¬â¢. This is quite an important thing as she is questioning his masculinity. Macbeth is at this time known as a warrior, and when he is faced with this comment he is going to try and prove it wrong. She can also be found using witchcraft when she asks the spirits to change her into a fearless, ruthless human being making her able to help Macbeth in killing Duncan. She says ââ¬ËUnsex me hereââ¬â¢ and ââ¬ËCome you spiritsââ¬â¢ which shows that she would be able to influence what Macbeth does, like the witches can. As the play continues we can see that they grow apart and Macbeth decides to make more important decisions on his own and does not include her. As I have already said, the witches build up a large part of the supernatural in the play, but other elements add to this, so we can not put it all down to the witches. Although they were responsible for directing Macbeth in the killing, and the hallucinations may have encouraged him, a character who was close to him was also involved, Lady Macbeth. However, when Macbeth murdered Banquo, and Macduffââ¬â¢s family, they were his own decisions. I think that he went solo because all of the predictions had been achieved, and now the supernatural has abandoned him. Before he could have blamed it on the supernatural but when he took matters into his own hands he was to blame. Macbeth starts to arouse suspicion as soon as he starts making decisions for himself and so, this is why he ends up dead because Banquo suspects him. You could say that all of the deaths in Macbeth were caused by the supernatural, because the witches had quite a lot to do with Macbeth, and the Murder of Duncan was directed by witchcraft. Macbeth was provoked by the witches and pressurised by his wife, who we know used witchcraft at some time during the play, and did carry out the actions herself, but we could say that it is not his fault. However, the witches may have just been making suggestions and so; Macbeth never had to follow them. After this of course, the murders are down to one man, Macbeth. I think that the supernatural does indeed lead to Macbethââ¬â¢s downfall, but really, he is to blame, and becomes a monster. I think that the main reason is his own ambition. Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-694493521912069915.post-47993622683135512382020-01-09T23:27:00.001-08:002020-01-09T23:27:03.323-08:00Secret Techniques for Writing Paper Service Only the Pros Know Secret Techniques for Writing Paper Service Only the Pros Know The Most Popular Writing Paper Service Our paper writing service has a succession of functions that numerous students find very beneficial. So in regards to search, the essay writing service reviews are a rather handy solution regarding choice help. If you're searching for the perfect customized essay writing service you're just in the suitable place! Essays on social support. When it has to do with essay writing and you're under the pressure with your deadlines you begin to hunt for a little assistance from professional academic writers. Following that, you merely must pick the article writer that you might need to utilize within your venture. 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Paper for origami is a bit lighter than a stationary paper, making it suitable for a wide category of figures. How to compose a review paper. Essay money cannot buy happiness. If you should understand how to make a huge research paper, you are. Does a research paper must be specific. Claim to compose my paper now! Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-694493521912069915.post-84194749711971993442020-01-01T19:50:00.001-08:002020-01-01T19:50:04.062-08:00A Significant Role Of Integrity - Free Essay Example Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 519 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2019/05/13 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Integrity Essay Did you like this example? In Amy Andersons article Success will come and go, but Integrity is forever she emphasizes the importance of honesty and building a respectful reputation and argues that it is more important than cutting corners because in the long run it is more beneficial. She provides numerous real-world examples of how people cut corners and lose their integrity as a result. With people promising things they cannot deliver and lying in order to maintain their status, Anderson argues that society no longer values the importance of integrity. Things in the world regarding integrity need to change. In fact, Anderson provides the cause as to why integrity is now disregarded in modern society. She explains that it is because of the few success stories of corrupt men who never get punished for their mentalities. When people who succeed find ways to cut corners, it sets an example to all of society and they begin to mimic them, creating a large group of people who no longer value the trait of honesty. With honesty comes a good reputation, and Anderson argues that, in the long run, integrity will last longer than success. When finding a good job on the market, recommendations that say you have integrity will be more beneficial. Not only that, but a reputation of integrity can create an atmosphere of good friends who have the same mentality as you. If you are known to be a person who always is honest, then people are going to hold you at a higher standard, giving you a good reputation not only in the job world but personal as well. Overall, Anderson advocates for integrity and argues that society needs to prioritize it in their life if they want successful life. Donââ¬â¢t waste time! Our writers will create an original "A Significant Role Of Integrity" essay for you Create order Integrity in the medical field is completely essential, not only as the role of employee but as a medical personnel. Because the lives of people are those in the medical fields responsibility, integrity with the patient and your fellow co-workers is essential. Integrity allows you to keep your job considering that that is a key trait many employers look for. One needs to be honest with the patient because they have a right to know what kind of care they are getting. Though sugar-coating may be preferring for some, creating a false fantasy regarding ones medical care can be extremely dangerous and create many problems in the workplace. With HIPAA rules and regulations, a medical person can get in major trouble and even lose their job if they do not fully educate the patient the kind of care they are getting. Not only does a lack of integrity create issues with your patients, but it creates a bad atmosphere with your co-workers. If you are known to be dishonest to other people, whether it be about patients care or the tasks you completed, it leads to them not being able to trust you and be sure you are giving the patient adequate care. Overall, integrity is essential in the medical world because it ensures patients, your employers, and your co-workers all can trust you with caring for themselves or other people. Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-694493521912069915.post-64247131559604480582019-12-24T15:36:00.001-08:002019-12-24T15:36:04.162-08:00Injustices in the American Justice System Essay examples The Justice system seeks to prevent crimes and to capture those who have committed crimes. But what are the causes of crime, maybe poverty, or greed, or is sometimes caused by the system. Is the risk worth the reward and is reward the worth risking the punishment? Power and influence is threaded deeply into the Criminal Justice System. Are all offenders caught and processed with the same demeanor and given the same punishment? The system needs to be impartial to all offenders regardless of the offenderââ¬â¢s social position, job or yearly income. The general punishment for most crimes is incarceration in most states with a difference in duration to adjust per each crime. This is the deterrent against crime. This is what should be keepingâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦According to a release from the Bureau of Justice Statistics in the year of 2012 35% of the prison populations were white and 38% were black. (bjs.gov) In the year of 2012 there was only a 3% difference between white and black prisoners, yet according to the US Census Bureau in the year of 2012 in arrests made, white arrests were at seven million, and black was at 3 million. (census.gov) Even with double the arrests made somehow the actual incarceration rate of inmates is still with blacks leading by 3%. As stated above the arrests of white people were nearly double that of black yet the amount of people in prison remains at a 3% difference. Most of it boils down to money, in another census in 2012 the average income of a black male was nineteen thousand, compared to a white male who earned in average thirty thousand. (census.gov) With a higher income they have a better chance of both being able to afford a better lawyer or even paying such fines to avoid jail. People are not afforded the same chances equally in this system. Those with a higher income can afford a better lawyer and a better lawyer who can argue down the punishment. It is a flawed idea to allow criminals to lighten their punishm ent with money. Inequalities exist within every system. Stories are often told of people escaping punishment for crimes due to their ââ¬Å"actingâ⬠. When one asks, are all criminal offenders given and offered the same opportunities? TheShow MoreRelatedInjustice Of The American Justice System1937 Words à |à 8 PagesInjustice for all appears to be the recent motto of the American justice system in the previous years. This system, increasingly known, infamously, for the wrongful incarcerations of many innocent citizens is in large part due to prejudice and a lack of due diligence by society s finest, the police. Police departmentsââ¬â¢ focus on making the collar often leads to the use of various forms of torture such as mental, emotional, and even physical coercion. Errors of fact fail to be discovered, and wrongfulRead MoreInjustice Is An Unfair Treatment1209 Words à |à 5 Pagesexamples of injustice in America? Before you start to answer that question, consider what the word injustice m eans. Injustice is like a plague. If one person doesnââ¬â¢t speak up about unfair treatment, they are allowing injustice to infect everyone. The Webster dictionary definition states, ââ¬Å"Injustice is an unfair treatment or situation in which the rights of a person or a group of people are ignored (Merriam-Webster).â⬠There are various examples of injustice in the Criminal Justice System, the occupationRead MoreInjustice Is An Unfair Treatment1212 Words à |à 5 PagesInjustice in America What are some examples of injustice in America? Before you start to answer that question, consider what the word injustice means. Injustice is like a plague. If one person doesnââ¬â¢t speak up about unfair treatment, they are allowing injustice to infect everyone. The Webster dictionary definition states, ââ¬Å"Injustice is an unfair treatment or situation in which the rights of a person or a group of people are ignored (Merriam-Webster).â⬠There are various examples of injustice in theRead MoreTime to Kill1283 Words à |à 6 Pagesminorities in America. All jurors were white and with the combination of racism it made it seem like injustice was certain. For example, Jake Brigance, the lawyer for Carl Lee filed for a change of venue. The reason for this was that he knew the jury would be comprised of white jurors, where his client was of African American decent. He knew that a white jury would be racially prejudicial towards an African American defendant. At this time in Am erica, such an assertion would not have been unfounded. SimilarlyRead MoreAnalysis Of Lauryn Hill Mystery Of Iniquity1347 Words à |à 6 PagesNov.14.2017 Eng. 102 Lauryn Hill Lauryn Hill was and still is an iconic individual of the African American Hip Hop genre. She is known for her enlightening lyrics and historical puns that resonate with her listeners. During a time where blacks were being served with the injustice of society and being defied the moral code of citizenship, Ms. Hill released a song-like poem that not only told our story but spread the message of frustrationRead MoreStructural Injustice In The Criminal System Can Occur Due1344 Words à |à 6 PagesStructural injustice in the criminal system can occur due to an individualââ¬â¢s implicit bias affecting their discretionary actions; however, the central question rests in who bears the moral responsibility of this injustice? In my opinion, individuals and sovereign institutions share the moral responsibility for the structural injustice that results when implicit bias influences discretionary actions in the criminal justice system, but the greater responsibility is vested in officials w ith authorityRead MoreCommon And John Legend Did A Collaboration On The Song `` Glory ``1149 Words à |à 5 Pagesminority especially African Americans. Freedom is supposed to be a top priority for us (society). However, nobody realizes that African Americans do not have any freedom because we are being oppressed by society as well as the government. The speakerââ¬â¢s perspective is coming from African Americans that are fed up with the injustice in todayââ¬â¢s society and they would like to fight for their freedom, equality, glory, and respect. The speakerââ¬â¢s intended audience is African Americans, Caucasians, Law enforcersRead MoreAnalysis Of Lauryn Hill Mystery Of Iniquity1321 Words à |à 6 Pagesfrom New Jersey expresses her strong emotion on the justice and legal system in her song, Mystery of Iniquity. The Mystery of Iniquity is a verse taken from the bible; 2 Thessalonians 2:7. The word iniquity means immoral or grossly unfair behavior. In her song, she exposes her truth and views of the legal system. She touches on multiple topics such as religion, policing, court systems and orders, the president, and the amount of African Americans incarcerated. This song was released in the early 2000sRead MoreRacism And Inequality : An Adult Homework Helper For The Sumner Library870 Words à |à 4 Pageshas been centered around injustice and inequality in society. These ethical questions explored in our literature are inherently tied to public life in that they analyze how communities and societies should handle these injustices. Multiplication is for White People by Lisa Delpit and the episode of the podcast ââ¬Å"This American Life: Three Milesâ⬠illustrate the systemic inequality ingrained in the educational system of the United States, while Michael J. Sandelââ¬â¢s book Justice explores how communitiesRead MoreEssay On Social Injustice1495 Words à |à 6 PagesSocial justice has changed lives through consistent group organization, cons istent preparation, and with the creation of a strong foundation and leaders. Social justice is the idealization that society gives groups or individuals from a variety of different backgrounds and representations the right to equally share benefits such as opportunities and resources along with being treated fairly by others from all backgrounds and statuses (Chung Bemak, 2011). As a society, we hear less about social Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-694493521912069915.post-42944563010995523742019-12-16T12:06:00.001-08:002019-12-16T12:06:04.328-08:00Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivational Strategies Free Essays string(77) " the emphasis is furthermore not put on the culmination of the activity \(i\." The aim of this study is to explore how both intrinsic (i.e. perceived enjoyment) and extrinsic (i. We will write a custom essay sample on Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivational Strategies or any similar topic only for you Order Now e. perceived usefulness) motivations can be use by team leaders to empower and motivate their teams to reach their fullest potential. Numerous theories were scrutinised in order to analyse the two theoretical concepts and their applicability to organisations. The outcome of the research suggested that there is no cohesive strategy, or ââ¬Å"strategic fitâ⬠that would apply directly to a specific situation, instead it was conclude that in organisation creative people are motivated from within and respond better to intrinsic rewards than extrinsic ones. INTRODUCTION Since the 21th century, the study of motivation became one of the most complex and fascinating topics in organisational psychology (Muchinsky 1996). The different theories and conceptions about employee motivations and how leaders can use the available literatures to enhance their employeeââ¬â¢s performance have been discussed by many researchers (e.g Krueger, 1996, Herzberg, Mausner snyderman 1993). Motivating people at work is a crucial component of organisational behaviors and psychology. Leaders can use motivation to improve the physical and well-being of the organisation and its human capital, as a logical approach to enhance productivity and profitability (Hatch, 2002). Motivation is the inner drive that makes people act in a certain way (Herzberg, 1987), and it goes by the saying that ââ¬Å"a well motivated and satisfied employee performed better than unsatisfied employeesâ⬠. Work motivation phenomenon The pursuit for higher motivations at all levels of works has seemed treacherous in almost every organisational perspective. The unpredictability of human character and variegated mind-sets in human nature has made this phenomenon a challenging philosophy for every manager and researchers. Theoretical discussions gathered from the generalised conceptions of motivation argued how a team of people in different circumstances can meet with different stimulus; and what are the factors that energizes human behaviors and how these behaviors can be manage or channels to different directions. During the 1930s, Lewin (1938) attempted to analyse some of the factors that affected employees degree of motivation, amongst the divergent set of factors examined, he came up with a suggestion that subject perceptions is the main cause for employees motivation and de-motivations. Studies done by Deci and Ryan (1985a) classify human motivations into two aspects, intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. The concepts of these two theories (intrinsic and extrinsic motivations) explain in details why a task is carried out and what type of motivational drive causes certain behaviours. The concept of extrinsic and intrinsic The concept of extrinsic and intrinsic motivation is quite problematic simply because the two theories work in opposition (Deci Ryan, 1985a). More straightforwardly expressed, intrinsic motivation is driven by a personââ¬â¢s internal interest and desire to do something, such as curiosity, enjoyment, and sense of challenge. Extrinsic motivation comes from outside a person, such as reward, promotion, or deadline (Amabile, 1997). Extrinsic motivational factors Extrinsic motivational factors refer to the performing of an activity in order to achieve an external goal. Noels (2002) cited Deci Ryanââ¬â¢s (1985a) self-determination theory which suggested that the external goals you strive for vary as to the extent of how much they are in fact self-determined. Extrinsic motivational factors serve mainly through monetary compensation, where wage, bonuses and result sharing are main applicators. When regard as such, an individual employment is merely a tool of satisfying direct or actual need by means of the money it generates (Frey and Osterloh, 2002). Monetary non-monetary motivational factors Non-monetary motivational factors simply refer to symbolic issues such as work promotion, rewards, development training courses, health benefits etc. A leader can use this approach to motivate team members as the need for employee recognitions are crucial. Such rewards can leave a symbolic effect on employees and group solidarity, which may ultimately enhance team performance (Lawler, 1990). Monetary motivation On the other hand, monetary motivational factors have a substantial cost of extrinsic value. A team leader can use salary/pay rise, bonuses or stock options to get people motivated within a team or organisation. Salary According to Maslowââ¬â¢s hierarchy of needs theory (1943) salary increment is a proactive way to motivate employees. Herzberg (1993) believes that salary belongs to hygiene factors and can prevent job dissatisfactions. Lowering salary or salary demotion can significantly de-motivate employeeââ¬â¢s enthusiasm. A leader can use salary increments or other forms of monetary rewards as a major strategy to influence employee job satisfaction (Lawler, 1990). Bonuses and commission Many organisations have adopted the means of bonuses and commissions to motivate employees in the organisation so that they could create synergy and reach the organisation goals (Lawler, 1990). It is often used to reach short term goals in order to stimulate the employee to work harder right away. Bonuses and commission are vital strategy especially when calculating people performances and contributions towards the organisation success (Hatch, 2002). Collective individual A collective motivational factor mainly focuses on team performance targets. Leader can use this motivational factor to provide a team with a fair distributive justice; such as equal pays and bonuses. On the contrary, many managers use individual motivational factors to few members of the organisation and contingent on individual performances (Chen et al, 1999). In opposition to those provided to a group these tend to be very differential. Intrinsic Motivational factors Intrinsic motivational factors regarded as the core activities and motivators of job satisfaction. The person performing the task is motivated because he or she enjoys the challenge and is not pushed upon it by external reward or pressure. Intrinsic motivation occurs because it is said to provide satisfaction of inner psychological needs (Frey and Osterloh, 2002). These psychological needs can be divided into three essential aspects from which intrinsic motivation can derive from: Job satisfaction The phenomenon of job satisfaction ultimately derived from the two theories discussed in the above literatures; monetary and non-monetary factors. But more specifically, job satisfaction is more associated job enrichment, achievement, job security, well-being, work values, turnovers, responsibilities and autonomy (Mitchell et al, 2001). When job satisfaction is attained by an individual, the emphasis is furthermore not put on the culmination of the activity (i. You read "Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivational Strategies" in category "Essay examples"e. the completion), but satisfaction is also obtained through the process resulting in the completion (Frey and Osterloh, 2002). Rewards The issue of rewards is one of the most complicated problems when creating a well functioning and motivating team. According to Hatch, (2002) rewards are major tools a leader can used to retain, attract, motivate and satisfy employees. The whole concept and essence of rewards is to improve effectiveness and efficiency. When leaders aligned rewards with the organisational goals, efficiency is enhanced (Stredwick John, 2000). And whiles organisational goals are achieved; it is likely that the employees achieved their own personal goals (Atkinson Anthony A et, al., 1997). It is quit complicating for leaders to rightfully suggest the rewards that would fit each employee within a team simply because people needs change as they enter new stages of their life/career (Hatch, 2002) Personal goals achievement It is not just organisational goals that are the only set targets by employees; people also aligned their own goals along with the organisation goals (Atkinson Anthony A et, al., 1997). Leaders in every works of life must assist and encourage their employees to set achievable personal goals to in order enhance their employeesââ¬â¢ potential. Discrepancies and comparisons between the two theories Intrinsic versus extrinsic motivation Since analysts figured that employees are the key success factors to every organisation, different strategies had been outlined on how firms can get the best from their employees. However, there is no cohesive strategy or ââ¬Å"one-fit-all-strategyâ⬠that will determine employeesââ¬â¢ work motivation. In the late 1990s, Amabileââ¬â¢s (1997) investigates the comparisons and discrepancies between the two theories. Amabileââ¬â¢s research revealed that extrinsic motivation may combine with intrinsic motivation as a synergism instead of an antagonism under three conditions. Firstly, employees must be well devoted or be in a high intrinsic motivated state. A well devoted employee is like a loyal customer, regardless of the financial benefits or attractiveness; it is very unlikely that extrinsic motivation will undermine the intrinsic motivations. Secondly, Amabile tend to be versatile in his theoretical concepts. She suggested that some aspect of extrinsic motivation must adhere to. He cascaded extrinsic motivations into three different components, such as; informational and enabling and referred to them as synergistic motivators, which implies competences or improve performance like rewards, feedback, and recognition that confirm competence or provide information on how to improve work-related performance. And controlling motivator which is a directive approach and can executed when employees are being told on how efficient the work can/could have been done. Contrariwise, intrinsic motivations ignite a powerful inner drive or feelings of contentment that when employees meet their goals or undertaken activities they get total satisfactions. Frey and Osterloh (2002) further expanded the studies of in intrinsic motivations and suggested five critical aspects which intrinsic motivation can derive from. The more complex, challenging and demanding the activity, the more complicating it is to pinpoint the requirements in a hard-and-fast job description, the more crucial intrinsic motivation becomes.â⬠(Frey Osterloh, 2002:21). Frey and Osterloh assumptions are: Firm-Specific Pool Resources Employee actions in an organisation have a tremendous ramification to the firm privies. Such actions may reflect and incorporate the company reputation, relationship with potential clients, corporate culture etc. In such circumstances, a self-centred employee with personal interest within an organisation may profit enormously from the organisation without making any contribution to the pool resources. It is quit difficult for leaders to satisfy or motivate such people; and their influences over other employees may de-motivate or hinder others work performances significantly (Konrad Pfeffer, 1990; Greenberg, 1990). In such case, well devoted employees that are motivated intrinsically will unify and support the firm-specific resource pool (Frey Osterloh, 2002). Multi-Tasking Employees are more intrinsically motivated when they are encouraged to explore and develop their potential, if they can perform multiple tasks within their organisation, (Frey Osterloh, 2002). Such strategy unites employees and open new doors to team spirit. Consequently, the higher complexity and diversity the work signifies, the more imperative the intrinsic motivation becomes (Holmstrom Milgrom, 1991). Fuzzy Tasking Whenever extrinsic compensation materialises, people mostly react unassumingly to the firmtarget goals. People will become unpredictable when they are faced with multiple alternatives and free choice among work targets; it is difficult to get them pursuing the challenging tasks (Frey Osterloh, 2002). The more financial incentives that are introduced to some people, the more effortless they become and they can also easily quantify tasks to facilitate the monetary compensation. Such behaviours are not favourable for a highly competitive company. The Transfer of Tacit Knowledge The transfer of tacit knowledge is one of the most essential elements of the core competence that differentiate a firm from its competitors. People are intrinsically motivated when they possesses more tacit knowledge than explicit knowledge (Polanyi, 1985) as this can enable them to work and support others with the information and knowledge they have. Creativity and Innovation Creativity and innovations can nurture and harness employeeââ¬â¢s involvement and motivations significantly. Frey and Osterloh (2002) believed that when people are extrinsically motivated, it reflects a negative effect on the learning curve and the innovation processes. Amabile, (1996, 1998) support the concept and opined that extrinsic motivation can severely pressure employees to produce, since results often are demanded for the compensation to redeem. Left behind is an inaccurate and less meticulous result, which has been affected strongly by a monitored and less creative way of inventing (Amabile, 1996). Conclusion From all the analysis scrutinised above we can see that these two motivational theories are under researched and underexplored as there is no cohesive strategy or ââ¬Å"strategic fitâ⬠that is directly applicable to a specific circumstances. The theoretical conceptions about these theories argued above; point out that employees are motivated when they are driven by either internal or external interest, or desire to do something. Hence human wants and mind-sets are variegated as they enter new stage of their life/career; it will remain a challenge for managers and researchers alike, to strategize the right rewards strategy that will applicable to all employees. However, from the analysis we can see that not all employees are intrinsically motivation, but creative people can seem to be more motivated from within and respond much better to intrinsic rewards that extrinsic ones. Depends on organisational specific; it is advisable that a team leader assess individual employees rewards needs and evaluate what strategies applicable for the team. How to cite Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivational Strategies, Essay examples Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-694493521912069915.post-25114822074533911932019-12-08T08:49:00.001-08:002019-12-08T08:49:07.103-08:00Business Transfer Pricing Methods Question: Describe about the Business Transfer Pricing Methods. Answer: Part A Transfer price is the price at which goods or/and services are bought and sold (transferred) between divisions of the same corporations. For example, in an automobile manufacturing company, if the subsidiary which manufactures tires sells them to the parent company, the price paid by the parent company for the tires is called the transfer price. The divisions of a large multi-department company can be treated as separately run companies with the use of transfer pricing. In contemporary accounting, different divisions of an organization are run as profit-centers, i.e they are accountable for their own profits. Now if a division transfers its goods to another division of the same company, what price should it use to determine its contribution margin? Similarly, if a division accepts transfers from another division, what cost should reflect on its profit and loss statement for these goods? A transfer price is used to determine these prices and costs. (Schuster, 2010) Different divisions of a company may be located in different countries with different tax norms. A company may use transfer pricing to lower its tax liabilities by lowering the profits of divisions located in countries with higher taxes. Similarly, it can raise profits of divisions which are located in countries with lower tax-rates, also known as tax havens. Therefore, there are regulations put in place by various governments on transfer pricing to curb corporate tax avoidance. (Chand, 2014) Transfer prices can be of following types: Market based transfer price: In this type of transfer pricing, transfer price is set equal to the market price of the product that is transferred. Such kind of transfer pricing is used when the market is perfect for the product that is transferred i.e The product should be homogenous i.e there should not be similar products with difference in quality. It should be as close to a commodity as possible. For example the capacitors that are used in a television are very close to a commoditized transferred product. There should only be one price of the product in the market for both the buyer and the seller. The seller should be able to sell the product in the market at the same price at which the buyer is expected to purchase that product in the market, at the least. For example, if the seller can sell the product at $90 in the market, the buyer should have to pay at least $90 in the market to buy the product. There should be no variable buying or selling costs. It should not be the case that if the seller wants to sell the product in the market instead of transferring it to the buyer, he has to incur an extra selling cost. Similarly, it should not happen that if the buyer wants to buy the same product in the market rather than transfer it from the seller, he has to incur excess transactional costs. The selling division should be operating at full capacity and should able to sell whatever quantity of product it is producing. In this case, the seller will have to forego external sales if it transfers any amount of product to the buyer. In order to compensate for the opportunity cost, the amount lost due to loss of external sale should be included in the transfer price. Thus, transfer price is equal to the market price. (Burkadze, 2016) In this type of transfer pricing, the minimum transfer price would be equal to the maximum transfer price and both the seller and the buyer would be happy with the market price as being the transfer price. This transfer pricing will help in providing a good basis for performance evaluation and reduce the animosity between divisions. However, such a kind of transfer pricing is rarely seen practically as there is always a certain amount of product differentiation which leads to there not be a single price for the product. Also, the market price may vary over very short periods of time due to external reasons such as promotions or the seasonality of the product.(APM Stuff, 2011) Cost- based transfer pricing: Full Cost Plus Pricing: Full cost includes the variable cost as well as the fixed cost involved in the production of the transferred product. Here the transfer price is set as the full cost plus some mark-up. This type of transfer pricing ensures a positive contribution margin for the selling division. However, the buying division may not be happy with this transfer price if it is greater than the market price of the product. Such kind of transfer pricing is suitable when there is no external market for the transferred product. Marginal Cost Plus Pricing: Marginal costs means the sum of all variable costs. It is the incremental cost incurred by the seller to produce the good or provide the service. Here the transfer price is set as the marginal cost plus some mark-up. It does not ensure a positive contribution margin for the seller. Selling division needs to add attach sufficient margin in order to recover its fixed costs. The selling division may not like this kind of transfer pricing if as it involves the risk of not recovering the fixes costs. The buying division will accept the transfer price if it is lower than the market price. This kind of transfer pricing is suitable when the selling division has some unused capacity. Marginal Cost Plus Opportunity Cost Plus Pricing: Opportunity cost is the loss of external sale opportunity due to selling of the product internally to the buying division. Marginal cost + Opportunity cost is the minimum transfer price that the selling division would accept. For selling division, there would be an incentive to transfer internally if a mark-up is added rather than selling it externally. Buying division will accept the transfer price only when the transfer price is lower than the market price. Such type of transfer pricing is used when there is no unused capacity at the selling division but there is still unmet market demand.(Investopedia, 2013) Negotiated transfer pricing: This type of transfer pricing is used in case of an imperfect market. In case of an imperfect market, there are transaction costs both for selling and buying division if they want to buy or sell in the external market, there are different market prices for the product. In such cases transfer prices cannot be set at market prices as the selling or buying divisions would work inefficiently at those prices. The management has to intervene in such situations to arrive at a negotiated transfer price between the buying and the selling division. The negotiated transfer price would lie between the minimum price at which the selling division is willing to sell and the maximum price at which the buying division is willing to buy. The negotiated transfer pricing can however be time consuming and can lead to sub-optimal decisions. It is strongly influenced by the bargaining skills of the selling and the buying division managers. Transfer pricing is used by the top level management of the corporations for the following purposes: Profit Allocation: Transfer prices are used by the companies to determine the profits of its various divisions, which are further used for appraisals and other financial reports. While transfer price is the revenue for the selling division, it is the purchase cost for the buying division. Multi-entity Corporations use the synergies between various divisions to lower their costs and increase their overall profits. Coordination: When a company is divided into divisions and divisional profit is the main determinant of performance measurement, divisional managers can make decisions keeping in mind only the profits of the divisions and not the company as a whole. This can lead to goal incongruence. Transfer prices decided by the centralized (top) management can influence the behavior of divisional managers and steer them to work for the betterment of the corporation. A higher transfer price leads to change in the production process of the buying division, leading them to a higher efficiency, as it reduces the amount bought by the buying division. A lower transfer price can lead to similar effects on the selling division. This exercise is also known as goal congruence. Calculation and cost accounting: Transfer prices are used to determine the cost of goods produced for the buyer division and the revenues for the seller division. This is further used for external regulatory purposes or for third party purposes. Transfer prices lead to simplification of a lot of cost accounting calculations. Tax Accounting: Transfer prices are used for optimization of taxes by the organizations and for other related payments. Companies structure their transfer prices based on such considerations. Some companies can (and do) manipulate their transfer prices using practices which are not always ethical to save tax liabilities. OECD has laid out guidelines to prevent such manipulations and applies the arms length principle. This principle requires the divisions to treat other divisions at an arms length, i.e as if the divisions were completely separate companies. They have to determine the arms length price, which can be difficult for cases where the product are differentiated. Different governments have entered into agreements between taxpayers regarding settling on transfer prices. They are called advance pricing agreements or APAs. APAs are based on well research documentation prepared by the taxpaying corporations for the government. They require a lot of negotiations between the taxpayer and the designated government tax authority. These agreements are generally effective retrospectively. Fraudulent transfer pricing is strongly dealt with by the governments and the relevant authority. Known as transfer mispricing, fraudulent transfer pricing relates to adjusting of transfer pricing by corporations to deceive tax authorities. For example, companies may have 2 subsidiaries with one in a tax haven and other in a high-tax regime. The one in tax haven will sell its product to an intermediate subsidiary at a low price resulting in low tax. While the intermediary will sell to the division in a high tax regime at artificially high prices so as to show low profits and hence low taxes. Such kind of manipulation is leading to capital flight from developing countries of Asia and Africa. (Lanewala, 2011) Part B Transfer pricing should not be based on total actual costs as this practice can be misused. An inefficient department can pass on its excess costs to the division which is buying its product and hence hide its inefficiencies. The division buying the product will hence have to show higher costs due to the higher price it is paying to the inefficient producing division. Similarly, an efficient producing division will have to sell its products at lower prices to the buying division, which can exploit the lower transfer costs to show higher margins. Thus, transfer prices based on total actual costs would not give a fair assessment of divisional performance. Cleaning and Scraping Division Processing Division Sale Price 95 160 Transfer Price 0 95 Direct Material 18 5 Direct Labour 12 10 Manufacturing overhead (variable) 30 10 Variable Selling Cost 5 0 Contribution margin 30 40 Following would be the price range acceptable to both divisions if negotiated transfer pricing is used and firms are allowed to buy/sell in the open market: Upper Limit: Market price = 95 Lower Limit: Total production cost + 20% margin = Direct Material + Direct Labour + Manufacturing overhead + 20% margin = 60 +12 = $72 Therefore the price range would be $72 - $90. As discussed in Part c, lowest transfer price acceptable to Cleaning and Scraping division would be $72. This would not be preferred by the manager of the Cleaning and Scraping division as it would mean a contribution margin of only (72-60=) $12. If it sells on the open market it would mean a contribution margin of $30. Thus the Cleaning and Scraping division will lose ((30-12)*400000=) $7,200,000 by accepting a transfer price of $72. This would not show a good performance by the Cleaning and Scraping division manager. References: APM Stuff, 2011, Different Types of Transfer Pricing Methods, Blogspot, viewed September 16, 2016 https://apmstuff.blogspot.in/2011/07/different-types-of-transfer-pricing.html Burkadze, E., 2016, Interaction of Transfer Pricing Rules and CFC Provisions, International Transfer Pricing Journal, viewed September 16, 2016 https://www.ibfd.org/IBFD-Products/Journal-Articles/International-Transfer-Pricing-Journal/collections/itpj/html/itpj_2016_05_int_3.html Chand, S., 2014, 5 Types of Transfer Pricing Methods used in International Marketing, Your Article Library, viewed September 16, 2016 https://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/product-pricing/5-most-important-types-of-transfer-pricing-methods-used-in-international-marketing/5820/ Investopedia, 2013, Transfer Price, Investopedia, viewed September 16, 2016 https://www.investopedia.com/terms/t/transferprice.asp Lanewala, M., 2011, Types of Transfer Pricing for Measuring Evaluating Divisions, Management Accounting, viewed September 16, 2016 https://managementaccounting.accasupport.com/2012/08/types-of-transfer-pricing-for-measuring.html Schuster, P., 2010, Transfer Prices: Functions, types and behaviuoral implications, questia, viewed September 16, 2016 https://catalog.flatworldknowledge.com/bookhub/reader/4402?e=heisinger_1.0-ch11_s08 Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-694493521912069915.post-30812044231063296612019-11-30T20:31:00.001-08:002019-11-30T20:31:03.819-08:00Success Essays (462 words) - Belief, Epistemology, Truth, Motivation Success Success: The achievement of something desired or attempted. Aim for success is an independent, non-profit, educational organization that promotes a life style of excellence by encouraging the development of self-control, self-respect, and self-discipline. Through live presentations students are encouraged to develop strong, responsible characters. We learned to speak one word after another. A sequence of thoughts can direct our brains to a series of actions that lead to ACCOMPLISHMEN. So how can we direct our brains and schedule ourselves for achievement? The series of thoughts that led to motivations, self-esteem, and accomplishment must be embed in the UNCONSCIOUS. I only have to mention three now: beliefs, decisions, and strategies. Beliefs are POWERFUL but they can remain just potential. You can have powerful beliefs all your life and never bring them to fruition. Decisions are NECESSARY. They are how we take a belief and decide to achieve prosperity. Strategies are necessary to bring beliefs and decisions to DYNAMIC achievement. SET for Success provides a self-evolutionary template that gives you step-by-step instructions for EMPOWERING beliefs, decisions, and strategies. You believe that you deserve to be more successful and you are absolutely right. That belief needs a decision, a spark. The brain evolved as our ancestors scratched, fought, and thought their way to survival and prosperity. It describes how we use five senses plus language to project images, provides floods of feelings, and creates logic in our internal dialogue. It teaches you how to use the mental tools that we all have we all have, our inheritance from our ancestors. It is easy to stagnate in life. Do the same routine things while life just whizzes by. Think back when you were a kid and you had all those dreams of your future. You may have planned on being and doing great things. Achieving success from living a totally empowered and fulfilling lifestyle. Can you feel the excitement you felt back then? The world was at your feet and you could do and be anything you chose. All the opportunity, the uncertainly and yet the unquestioning knowing that you would get exactly what you pictured and desired. So where are you now? Have you bogged down in the everyday chores of living? Are you struggling to make ends meet and thinking of embarking on that next plan to get where you think you ought to be in life or just get away from where you are. From my point of view success is achievement of one's purpose. I also found another definition of the word success that is very generous. It says that success is achievement of fame and wealth. But to be famous and rich does not mean that the person is successful in life. Psychology Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-694493521912069915.post-15786267917445577152019-11-26T08:29:00.001-08:002019-11-26T08:29:05.574-08:00Macadamia Nut Poisoning in Dogs Essay ExampleMacadamia Nut Poisoning in Dogs Essay Example Macadamia Nut Poisoning in Dogs Paper Macadamia Nut Poisoning in Dogs Paper Macadamia Nut poisoning in dogs| Roger Meadows| VET 123 Mrs. Owens | | Macadamia nuts come from the Macadamia tree grown in the United States, mostly found in Hawaii. They are popular ingredients found in cookies and candies or on a table during a party. Every year, calls are made to the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center about dogs eating different amounts of macadamia nuts. The findings from these fairly rare calls have close to the same outcomes and are remarkably consistent (Macadamia nut toxicosis in dogs, 2002). Macadamia nut toxicosis can last up to 48 hours and have symptoms that are very uncomfortable, though it is unlikely to be fatal in dogs. Dogs that have ingested macadamia nuts may look to be in pain, have weakness in the back legs, might acquire a low grade fever and tremors may start. This should all get better over a 48 hour period, but dogs experiencing more than mild symptoms should see a veterinarian, and care may include intravenous fluid therapy and pain control (ASPCA, n. d. ). 48 calls about dogs eating macadamia nuts came into the ASPCA APPC between 1987 to 2001. Weakness, depression, vomiting, ataxia, tremors, and hyperthermia are the clinical signs that were most reported. In 94% of the cases in which dogs had consumed macadamia nuts from the periods of 1998 to 2001, reports show at least one of these signs. Wide ranges of dosage were reported over the time period. Based on ASPCA APCC data, weakness was reported after dogs ingested as little as 2. 4 to as much as 62. 4 g/kg. Vomiting was reported to occur after the ingestion of 7 to 62. 4 g/kg. The mean amount of macadamia nuts ingested was estimated to be 11. 7 g/kg (range 2. 2 to 62. 4 g/kg). The reported time from ingestion of nuts to development of clinical signs was less than 12 hours in 79% of the cases. These clinical signs of toxicosis were reproduced in the laboratory after administering 20 g/kg (about 2 tsp. /lb. ) of commercially prepared roasted macadamia nuts to four healthy dogs via a stomach tube. (Macadamia nut toxicosis in dogs, 2002) The dogs developed marked weakness with the inability to stand on their rear legs by 12 hours after dosing. Extensive blood tests were performed, but only serum lipase activities were elevated. All dogs appeared normal within 48 hours. Tremors were not noted in the perimentally exposed dogs. The reports of tremors in the field cases were probably related to muscle weakness (Macadamia nut toxicosis in dogs, 2002). ââ¬Å"In a search of the human medical literature revealed reports of anaphylactic reactions to macadamia nuts similar to other nut IgE-mediated hypersensitivitiesâ⬠(Macadamia nut toxicosis in dogs, 2002). In this medical collected works, no symptoms similar to what happens in dogs are found in human reports. There has been found in the macadamia nut kernel a protein that reveals antimicrobial, but the importance of this research is unknown. Why dogs show signs of toxicosis when they eat macadamia nuts it not really know. Why dogs are getting sick may be specific to the dog or involve the ingredients of the nuts themselves. Toxins from processing, mycotoxins or other unidentified causes may also be at fault (Macadamia nut toxicosis in dogs, 2002). Macadamia nut toxicosis is based on a history of known exposure and consistent clinical signs for a diagnosis. Macadamia nut identification in vomit or stool, empty containers that have been chewed up, or if the dog was seen eating the nuts are all part of the history of exposure. Chocolate-covered macadamia nuts also may result in methyl xanthine toxicosis and should be treated accordingly if thought to have been eaten. If a dog shows signs of back leg weakness and no nervous system involvement or musculoskeletal pain or and signs of wounds then macadamia nut poisoning should be considered (Macadamia nut toxicosis in dogs, 2002). Make your dog vomit as soon as possible and then call your vet immediately if you think your dog has eaten macadamia nuts with in the last hour. By having your dog vomit you can reduce the amount of nuts digested by the dog, so if you could not get your dog to vomit then the veterinarian will do it for you. Activated charcoal coats the lining of the digestive system and that will reduce the amount of nuts digested so your veterinarian may give this also. Until the toxin passes out of your dogââ¬â¢s system he will be treated as each new symptom appears. Hyperthermia is treated by cooling the bodyââ¬â¢s core temperature. Cool wet towels can be used to cover the body and even intravenous fluids will work. Never use an ice bath, because this could cause the problem to get much worse. If the dogââ¬â¢s body temperature has been significantly elevated for a long period of time, the dogââ¬â¢s clotting mechanisms can be severely compromised. In this case, the dog would need possible plasma transfusions and heparin therapyâ⬠(Macadamia Nut Poisoning in the Dog, 2011). Medications can help to stop the trembling if sever e muscle tremors start. A fast or racing heart rate can be treated with medication if need be. These medications will be stopped after the dog begins to return to normal (Macadamia Nut Poisoning in the Dog, 2011). In most cases, the dog can return home in around 48 hours as the signs are mostly gone by then. The prognosis for complete recovery with no evidence of complications is very good for most dogs with the common signs. Dogs regularly return to normal within 24 to 48 hours according to the ASPCA APCCââ¬â¢s experience, with only observation at home. Every case managed by the ASPCA APCC has resulted in complete recovery to date (Macadamia nut toxicosis in dogs, 2002). Macadamia nut ingestion in two pet dogs; Case 1 ââ¬Å"In December 2000, the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center (APCC) received a call involving a 1. 5-year old, castrated, 14. 1-lb (6. 4-kg) bichon frise that reportedly ingested 4 oz. f macadamia nuts (17. 7 g/kg) late in the day. The owner reported that seven and a half hours after ingestion, the dog vomited a large quantity of macadamia nuts and could not stand or walk without support. The ASPCA APCC veterinarian advised the owner, based on the clear evidence of macadamia nut exposure and the consistency of the clinical signs with known field and research cases, t hat recovery without treatment was expected within 12 to 36 hours. The dog remained at home under observation. When contacted by phone three days after exposure, the owner reported that the dogââ¬â¢s clinical signs had subsided. The owner did not recall exactly when the dog had returned to normalâ⬠(Macadamia nut toxicosis in dogs, 2002). Case 2 ââ¬Å"In July 2001, the ASPCA APCC received a call involving a 9-year-old, castrated, 26. 8-lb (12. 2-kg) cocker spaniel that reportedly consumed 5. 3 oz. of macadamia nuts (12. 3 g/kg) one hour earlier. The dog was reported to be moderately ataxic with muscle tremors and mild dyspnea. In this case, the attending veterinarian administered an enema and provided pain relief combined with other symptomatic and supportive care before contacting the ASPCA APCC. No additional treatment procedures were recommended. Within nine and a half hours, the clinical signs resolved, and the dog fully recoveredâ⬠(Macadamia nut toxicosis in dogs, 2002). Referemces Macadamia nut poisoning in the dog. (2011). Vet blog. Retrieved on August12, 2011 from http://vetblog. co. uk/vetblog/macadamia-nut-poisoning-in-the-dog Macadamia nut toxicosis in dogs. (2002). aspcapro. Retrieved onAugust15, 2011 from www. aspcapro. org/mydocuments/x-toxbrief_0402. pdf ASPCA. (n. d. ). Virtual pet behaviorist. Retrieved on August 16, 2011 from aspcabehavior. org/articles/71/Foods-That-Are-Hazardous-to-Dogs-. aspx Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-694493521912069915.post-80338213757629465352019-11-22T15:52:00.001-08:002019-11-22T15:52:02.899-08:00Food Shortages Due to Global Warming, Study WarnsFood Shortages Due to Global Warming, Study Warns Half of the worldââ¬â¢s population could face severe food shortages by the end of this century as rising temperatures shorten the growing season in the tropics and subtropics, increase the risk of drought, and reduce the harvests of dietary staples such as rice and maize by 20 percent to 40 percent, according to a study published in the journal Science. Global warming is expected to affect agriculture in every part of the world but it will have a greater impact in the tropics and subtropics, where crops are less able to adapt to climate change and food shortages are already starting to occur due to rapid population growth. High Highs Scientists at Stanford University and the University of Washington, who worked on the study, discovered that by 2100 there is a 90 percent chance that the coolest temperatures in the tropics during the growing season will be higher than the hottest temperatures recorded in those regions through 2006. Even more temperate parts of the world can expect to see previously record-high temperatures become the norm. Higher Demand With the world population expected to double by the end of the century, the need for food will become increasingly urgent as rising temperatures force nations to retool their approach to agriculture, create new climate-resistant crops, and develop additional strategies to ensure an adequate food supply for their people. All of that could take decades, according to Rosamond Naylor, who is director of food security and the environment at Stanford. Meanwhile, people will have fewer and fewer places to turn for food when their local supplies begin to run dry. When all the signs point in the same direction, and in this case its a bad direction, you pretty much know whats going to happen, said David Battisti, the University of Washington scientist who led the study. Youre talking about hundreds of millions of additional people looking for food because they wont be able to find it where they find it now. Member of the International Panel on Climate Change agree. In their latest review of the food security issue, they point out that its not just crops: fisheries, weed control, food processing and distribution will all be affected. Edited by Frederic Beaudry. Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-694493521912069915.post-49131267741334208112019-11-21T00:50:00.001-08:002019-11-21T00:50:05.156-08:00U01d2 Cost Shifting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 wordsU01d2 Cost Shifting - Essay Example There are a number of different treatments like the surgical, non ââ¬â surgical cancer, organ transplants and other imaging like CT, MRI, PET scans and numerous other highly sophisticated tests which need to be considered and covered for. Americaââ¬â¢s health care system in the country is also structured in a manner which contributes to the rise on costs (Griffin, 2000). The concept of cost shifting is one of the major reasons that the costs have also gone up. Cost shifting simply implies at how the cost of care has shifted from one set of people to another group. The concept is such that if one group of people is unwilling to pay the bills, then the costs are redistributed to another set of people who canââ¬â¢t refuse to pay for the costs. One of the few reasons for the inclusion of cost shifting in the health care industry is the creation of Medicaid and Medicare. Shi and Singh explain that the cost shifting was included to offset costs when the charity received was used to make up for the difference. Feldstein explains that when there is a belief that cost shifting occurs, this could possibly be when the hospitals raise their prices to compensate for the patients that are lower charged (Morrisey, 1994). Feldstein also unveils that the costs have increased for two reasons, namely, an increase in the variable costs in terms of the wages and secondly, there are changes in the hospital payer mixes, i.e. an increase in the less price sensitive patients which allows the hospitals to increase the mark ups. This is viewed to be a profit for the hospital however this is a selfishly induced process and is controlled by the cost shifting. The knowledge that people have on the increase in the costs of the providers to make profits has led the industry to be impacted negatively and is also impacting the human charity as well. There is a clear sense of mis happenings within the industry where the rich are being given complete access to quality Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-694493521912069915.post-31247028202459796372019-11-19T08:01:00.001-08:002019-11-19T08:01:03.138-08:00Australian waste Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 wordsAustralian waste - Essay Example The most polluted sites in Australia include transport sites, roadsides, park/waterfront areas, rivers and creeks, school grounds, coastal/beach areas, as well as shops and malls. A recent trend exists that seeks to move away from burying and burning of waste in Australia towards its reuse and recycling. This shift towards sustainable development and conservation ideals with regards to waste disposal, as well as policies aimed at recycling, reusing, reduction of generation, and extraction of energy from the waste have caught on in Australia. Since the 1990s, household waste recycling has become more popular. Reasons for this trend can be explained by the presence of kerbside recycling; raising commodity prices, as well as increased levies for land fill services to prohibitive levels. However, mobile phones have introduced a new dilemma since they contain harmful products. This has necessitated novel ways of disposal. AUSTRALIAN WASTE Australia generates approximately one tonne of was te every year that is sent into a landfill. After the United States and Israel, Australia ranks as the third largest producers of landfill among developed countries. Significantly, most of this waste is resultant from goods that Australians do not even use with waste of over $10.5 billion per year occurring. This habit has begun developing in the early 20th century as ideas of convenience and hygiene gave rise to disposable products, which was justified because the consumer was assured of un-contaminated products. Buying into disposability is easy because new products are cheaper than fixing a broken one. However, this kind of disposability is a fantasy that exists because Australians do not have to see, smell, or handle their waste. This is unlike natural systems where waste is critical in the maintenance of life and, therefore, is not removed, but used as a resource for another system. While organic material in nature can decompose and be used to create something new, this is not possible for industrial objects. It, therefore, becomes important to recognize the regenerative power that waste can have. Australiaââ¬â¢s recycling habits, however, have been improving, although there is room for improvement. The most important waste management principle, including recycling, repair, reuse, and reduce, is refuse. Australians are encouraged not to buy a lot of products to begin with since the realization of a sustainable environment also needs a reduction in consumption (O'Connor, 2007). For fourteen years, plastics make up the majority of waste collected in Australia with 31.75 of all collected waste being plastics. Miscellaneous items like cigarette butts made up 17.7% of all rubbish. Metal, especially aluminium ranked third at 14.6%, followed by glass at 13.1%, and finally paper at fifth accounting for 12.6% of all collected rubbish (Australia Bureau of Stastistics, 2007). Other material included polystyrene and rubber. These are the major sources of rubbish i n Australia. When it comes to rubbish items, cigarette butts rank first accounting for 29.6% of items surveyed. Alcoholic beverage containers made of glass were second with 5.4%. The other rubbish items in order of prevalence include confectionary and plastic chip bags, plastic bottle caps, pieces of glass, PET drink containers, metal items, especially aluminium, and paper. The most polluted sites in Australia include transport sites, Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-694493521912069915.post-66344860627267756792019-11-16T20:32:00.001-08:002019-11-16T20:32:03.442-08:00Management, Organisations and People Module Report Essay Example for Free Management, Organisations and People Module Report Essay Introduction: The aim of this report is to provide an explanation to ââ¬ËMimi Vasquez Hair and Beautyââ¬â¢ managersââ¬â¢ approach to leadership and go on to explore his relationship to his work group and how they have developed over time. It will first outline the methodology used to conduct this report and then go on to introduce the managers and workers and explain how their current work roles have developed over time. Subsequently, the report will provide an explanation to ââ¬ËMimi Vasquez Hair and Beautyââ¬â¢ managersââ¬â¢ approach to leadership and go on to explore his relationship to his work group. To conclude the report, there will be a quick summary of what has already been mentioned and some limitations of the findings, methodology and related theories used in the report. The beauty salon which was named after its manager is privately owned and located in Chiswick in West London. In addition, it has two other branches located in Ealing and Hammersmith, both also within the West London area and owned by the same manager. All three of the beauty salons are relatively small in size making satisfactory profits and located just off the high streets in quieter areas. The first branch was opened in 1999 in Chiswick and the others followed on 5 years later, the Hammersmith branch being the newest. Method This report was conducted using both primary and secondary research. The primary research was collected directly from the manager and team members by interviewing them. By so doing, the research collected was new and wasnââ¬â¢t research that had already existed. Secondary research was collected through the use of books, the internet and articles and hence looking at existing data. Findings and discussion Behavioural theory As the manager, Mimi Vasquez, supervises and manages the overall performance of his staff and the business. His current work role is to analyse and recommend developing strategies on how to improve the quality of their services e.g. more speed and efficiency in cutting hair and accuracy with mixing colours of hair dye. These two examples are some of Mimiââ¬â¢s main targets and he wishes to have met these goals by July 2011. Mimi also examines ways to achieve his business goals of maximising profits and acknowledges that compensations and rewards have worked well in the past as they motivate and encourage staff to work better: Every year he elects 2 people as the most improved and most enthusiastic team members and rewards them in the form of bonuses and HMV vouchers. His work role also involves instructing his team members and allocating them to different parts of the salon when the day gets busy Moreover, this has played a great role in the development of Mimiââ¬â¢s leadership within the business. Yukl (2006, p5) defines leadership as- Leadership is the process wherein an individual member of a group or organization influences the interpretation of events, the choice of objectives and strategies, the organization of work activities, the motivation of people to achieve the objectives, the maintenance of cooperative relationships, the development of skills and confidence by member, and the enlistment of support and cooperation from people outside the group or organisation. Yuklââ¬â¢s definition very closely matches Mimiââ¬â¢s approach to leadership in the sense that it emphasizes the importance of ââ¬Ëpeople skillsââ¬â¢ and the social influence that leadership can have. One theory to provide evidence for this is the behaviour perspective. This theory claims that people become leaders because of what they do and this can be split into two different categories: task behaviour and relationship behaviour. Task behaviour places the main focus on the degree to which a leader emphasises productivity targets, goal accomplishments and maintaining standards. These behaviours can also be called ââ¬Ëproduction-centredââ¬â¢ and it can be seen in Mimiââ¬â¢s leadership style when he uses HMV vouchers to motivate his staff to work harder and faster. Mimi has also said that rewards gave his staff an incentive to work and this played a crucial part in keeping them happy and full of energy, even towards the end of the day. Furthermore, relationship behaviour focuses on managerââ¬â¢s actions that show concern for their staff and their welfare as opposed to behaviours that concentrate on completing tasks. Although this contrasts to task behaviour, this can also be seen in Mimiââ¬â¢s leadership approach in the sense that he aims to improve his staffââ¬â¢s skills and help them gain more confidence in their job role. Trait perspective The controversy in defining leadership has enabled many different theories to be developed in an attempt to explain the meaning of a leader within a business or an organisation. Bratton (2010, p363) cited that ââ¬Ëindividuals who occupy leadership positions possess superior qualities or attributes compared with the traits possessed by non- leadersââ¬â¢. This view is known as the trait perspective and itsââ¬â¢ theories such as the ââ¬Ëgreat man theoriesââ¬â¢ focus mostly on positive characteristics such as stamina, intelligence and fluency in speech. Research in 1974 by Stogdill showed that socioeconomic factors also played a great role for example, very few corporate leaders had fathers who held a low class position or who were paid quite poorly. Stogdill also found that intelligence and fluency in speech were very closely related to leadership and used these traits to differentiate leaders from followers. He then concluded that there were ââ¬Ëspecific patternsââ¬â¢ of traits that occurred in some people which gave them an advantage when seeking a leadership position. Shabina and Mario also described their manager to hold very positive characteristics such as friendly, talkative, enthusiastic and organised and wasnââ¬â¢t like the other staff members at ââ¬ËMimi Vasquez hair and beautyââ¬â¢ in the sense that he was much more determined. This therefore justifies why Mimi is a leader. In addition, research into ââ¬Ësubstituteââ¬â¢s for leadershipââ¬â¢ claim that there should be a distinct difference between the leader and the followers in a business and there should be inflexible rules and formalized areas of responsibility in order to prevent the followers from being guided by their peers and replacing their existing leader. This would occur if the followers realized that their peers had the skills equivalent to their leader and they decided to follow them instead. Keith Grint (2005) also argues that successful leadership- Is not a list of innate skills and competences, or how much charisma you have, or whether you have a vision or a strategy for achieving that vision, but whether you have a capacity to learn from your followers. This again, provides evidence against the trait perspective stating that this is not what makes an effective leader. The shared/super leadership theory The founding of Mimiââ¬â¢s other branches, helped him gain experience which developed his role even further as he had to identify problems, make choices and provide alternatives actions to his initial plans. His role development throughout the years has been quite significant and his responsibilities have duplicated allowing him to improve his time management and organisation. Mario and Shabina are two team members of the salon who were also interviewed. Mario is a professional hair stylist whose work role involves restyling and cutting clientsââ¬â¢ hair, dying, permanent hair straightening, Brazilian hair blow drying etc. His work role is crucial to the business as he has qualities and skills that require a lot of training and experience in order to gain. Marioââ¬â¢s work role has developed over the years as his experience has allowed him to move up the ladder in regards to the styles and haircuts he can confidently perform. The number of clients he reserves on a daily basis has also increased over the past 6 years of working at the salon showing an improvement in his abilities. He is now responsible for his own clients as before he would only deal with Mimiââ¬â¢s clients and help around. However, he is still in a lower position to Mimi and is usually responsible for making sure that Mimiââ¬â¢s clients are booked in for the dates and times they requested, making sure none of the time slots clash with one another. The Shared/super leadership theory suggests that excellent leaders are those who help their followers develop by acting as their teacher rather than keeping all of their knowledge to themselves. To add, Peter Senge(1990) also stated that ââ¬Ëleaders are designers, stewards and teachersââ¬â¢ which supports the view. Mimi has constantly trained his team members, in particularly Mario and this also adds towards the statement that Mimi is an effective leadership. Fiedlerââ¬â¢s leadership contingency theory Shabina is the only beautician at ââ¬ËMimi Vasquez Hair and Beautyââ¬â¢ and her role involves taking care of her own customers and making her own bookings as well as offering all of the services; waxing, laser hair removal, threading, massages etc. Her role doesnââ¬â¢t involve anything to do with hair, and she works in her own room downstairs. However, Mimi is her manager also and so it is her responsibility to follow all of his guidelines and instructions. Her role has developed over the past 3 years as she first started out as an assistant, cleaning around and helping the beautician. She then worked her way up by gaining experience and qualifications and developed her role into a full-time professional beautician. Fiedlerââ¬â¢s leadership contingency theory proposes that the effectiveness of the leader depends on whether the leadership style is matched with the followers and the environment. It is based on 3 main assumptions: 1) leader-member relations, which relate to whether the leader receives support, respect and trust of the followers; 2) task structure, which relates to how structured the tasks performed by followers are; 3) position power, which relates to the formal authority that the leader can exert through the use of punishment and rewards. This theory can explain Mimiââ¬â¢s leadership style as it explains why Mimiââ¬â¢s leadership is effective and hence how he has been able to successfully run the business for so many years. In relation to this theory, Mimi is placed to be known as a relationship-orientated leader and so it explains that his team members have been able to develop throughout the years because of his concern for them. The situational leadership theory Mimiââ¬â¢s relationship to his group is fairly hierarchical where he would force influence upon others to do something that they otherwise wouldnââ¬â¢t. This hair and beauty business is a good example as it shows how Mario takes responsibility for making bookings for both, his and Mimiââ¬â¢s clients. The group itself had developed over the years as they have slowly started to work as a team, helping each other and finishing each otherââ¬â¢s jobs off when the salon gets busy. In 1999, manager Mimiââ¬â¢s Vasquezââ¬â¢s main roles were to simply open and close the salon, receive payments for the service provided and order raw materials such as; hair dye, scissors, wax etc. Now, with the growth of the business, all of the team members in the salon have developed their roles as they have had to cover for each other and enhance coordination skills. The situational leadership model is where the leadersââ¬â¢ leadership style depends on the maturity of the followers; it can explain that why Mimi trusts his staff to look after his salon whilst he is in a different branch. The friendly nature of the business also allows Mimi to be less formal and more flexible with rules and procedures. Bratton (2010, p.370) states that ââ¬ËFollower maturity is determined by the ability and willingness of the followers to accept responsibility for completing their workââ¬â¢. The fact that each team member has their own set of responsibilities proves that their levels of maturity are very high and hence can explain why Mimiââ¬â¢s rules are quite flexible, according to Mario and Shabina. Conclusion The report has explored Mimiââ¬â¢s approach to leadership using the behavioural, trait, shared/super leadership, contingency and situational theories and it can clearly be seen that leadership is not easily defined and its effectiveness isnââ¬â¢t easily measured. It has also outlined the work roles of the manager as well as the team members and explained how their roles have developed. To conclude, although the report gives a sense of idea of what Mimiââ¬â¢s leadership approach may be, in reality it is very hard to accurately describe using only one theory. Appendix Bratton, J. (2010) Work and organisational behaviour. 2nd edn, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan Grint,K.(2005) Leadership: limits and possibilities, Basingstoke: Palgrave Senge, P.M.(1990) The Fifth Discipline. New York: Currency/Doubleday Yukl, G.(2006) Leadership in organizations.6th edn, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-694493521912069915.post-21220589735144355752019-11-14T09:03:00.001-08:002019-11-14T09:03:02.463-08:00The Ubiquitous Monopoly :: Business EssaysThe Ubiquitous Monopoly Monopoly is nearly always seen as something undesirable. Courts have wrestled with monopoly for ages, sometimes defining it as: "the power to control prices and exclude competition", "restraining trade", or "unfair and anti-competitive behavior." Should monopolistic practices be condemned and outlawed? Let's look at anti-competitive behavior and practices, but let's not confine ourselves to what's traditionally seen as monopoly. The marriage contract is essentially a monopoly document. It represents a legally sanctioned collusive agreement between two parties to exclude competitors and restrain trade. It closes the market to competition, or at least it is supposed to. This collusion has benefits as well as costs. Because I have exclusive rights to her affections and property rights to a stream of highly valued domestic services, I place a higher value on my spouse, making me willing to share with her a greater percentage of my wealth. My spouse receives a comparable set of benefits from this collusive arrangement. This monopolistic arrangement has a cost side and perhaps some inefficiencies as well. Neither one of us is as attentive as we were before we made our contractual arrangement. For my part, I don't open the car door for her as often, don't use breath fresheners and colognes as frequently, am not as nearly considerate and gentlemanly as before our marriage some 42 years earlier. The reason is simply that before marriage I was competing against other men and therefore could ill afford to act as a monopolist. Read the Old Testament's Book of Deuteronomy, Chapter 5, where God gave Moses the Ten Commandments. The first commandment, and presumably the most important is, "Thou Shalt have none other gods before me." The second is, "Thou shalt not make thee any graven image, or any likeness of any thing that is in heaven above. . . ." Then there's, "Thou shalt not bow down thyself unto them, nor serve them: for I the Lord thy God am a jealous God. . . ." If a corporation made a similar decree regarding its services, it would find itself in the sights of the U.S. Department of Justice for gross violations of the anti-trust provisions of the Sherman and Clayton Acts. The Ten Commandments decree exclusive dealing and mandate neither substitutes for nor competition with God. In order for one to condemn all monopolistic practices as evil, at least for consistency, he would have to also condemn marriage and the basic tenets of Christianity. Zhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14197713573312440013noreply@blogger.com0